Pediatrics Flashcards
normal neonate head circumference
32-36 cm
increase indicates hydrocephaly or increased ICP
what does stridor indicate?
upper airway obstruction
myelomeningocele
- have permanent neuro deficits
- high risk for infection
- monitor for fever, irritability, lethargy
- cover lesion with moist, sterile dressing
- position on abdomen with face turned to side
cystic fibrosis
- autosomal recessive - both -
parents carry recessive gene - confirmed by positive sweat test
- thick tenacious mucus
interventions
high calorie and protein, adequate salt diet
need replacement pancreatic enzyme therapy for life
Croup
high temp
hoarse voice
“barking cough”
*watch for signs of severe hypoxia
acute epiglottitis
sitting upright/leaning forward
tongue protrusion
drooling
normal newborn BP
80/45 - 60/40
abnormal assessment findings in newborns
absent red eye reflex
increased head circumference > 35
bulging fontanels at rest
“machine-like” heart murmur
skin mottling, acrocyanosis, and irregular respirations are signs of ______ ?
neonatal cold stress
when do drug withdrawal symptoms start after birth?
12-24 hours after birth
- hyperactive reflexes
- high pitched shrill cry
acrocyanosis is normal for the first how many hours?
2-6 hours post delivery is normal
if the mother has type 1 diabetes, the infant is at risk for _______
hypoglycemia - fetus produces increased insulin to match mother’s increased glucose level
Lofenalac
give if positive results for PKU
signs of mumps
headache
malaise
anorexia
earache when chewing
communicability is highest before and after swelling begins
wilm’s tumor
DON’T palpate the tumor
HTN - r/t excessive renin production
measure abdominal girth preop to assess tumor size
Pacifiers are associated with a ______ risk of SIDS
decreased
interventions for FTT
- hold baby during feedings
- wake them up for feedings if sleeping more than 4 hours
- note how often baby spits up
Guthrie blood test
evaluates neonate for PKU
give Lofenalac formula
interventions for sickle cell anemia
- keep away from infection to prevent sickling crisis
- can give morphine to decrease pain
- encourage fluids
- frequent rest periods
- don’t use cold compresses - constricts blood flow
celiac disease
avoid rye, oats, wheat, and barley
high calorie, high protein diet
early and late signs of hypoxemia
early:
tachycardia, irritability, nasal flaring
late:
cyanosis, circumoral cyanosis
how soon after can a child with type A hepatitis return to school?
Not infectious within one week of onset of symptoms - can go back to school
communicable for 2-3 weeks BEFORE jaundice onset and 1 week after
circumoral cyanosis
cyanosis around the mouth related to cold stress - may be an indication of hypoxia
