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Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

management of PUD

A
  1. endoscopy
    multiple, fam hx, refractory –> fasting serum gastrin level
    think perf –> water soluble contrast upper GI series
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2
Q

time frame hemangiomas

A

enlarge over 1st months, resolve in years

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3
Q

blood pH in asthma

A

initial response in exacerbation = up RR –> down CO2 –> alkalosis
as it gets worse = CO2 exchange goes down –> ph is normal or acidic

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4
Q

MC septic joint spread in peds

A

hematogenous

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5
Q

post strep GN time frame

A

7 - 21 days post infection

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6
Q

post strep GN triad

A

hematuria, edema, HTN

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7
Q

indications for ABx prophylaxis for subacute bacterial endocarditis

A 
prosthetic heart valves
past endocarditis
complex unrepaired congenital
repaired congenital (past 6 mo)
systemic-to-pulm shunts
transplantation w. valvulopathy
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8
Q

infant: diarrhea/vom + eczema

A

food intolerance, prob milk

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9
Q

causes of conductive hearing loss

A

acute/chronic OM
otitis externa
cerumen impaction
otosclerosis

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10
Q

Prehn sign

A

reduced testicular pain when you raise it up

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11
Q

Prehn sign and normal cremasteric

A

epididymitis

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12
Q

narrow QRS and P = ?

A

superventricular tachycardia

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13
Q

hypotonia, gross motor delay, loss of eye contact, hand wringing

A

Rett syndrome (X-linked)

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14
Q

tx for primary dysmenorrhea

A
  1. NSAIDs

2. OCPs

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15
Q

nasal discharge for how long before think sinusitis

A

10 days

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16
Q

neuro sx, ash-leaf macules, angiofibromas/rhabdomyomas or shagreen patches

A

tuberous sclerosis

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17
Q

RBCs in anterior chamber of eye post trauma

A

hyphema

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18
Q

syndromes causing secondary glaucoma

A

NF, sturge weber, VHL

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19
Q

type of diarrhea w/ cyclospora

A

profuse, non bloody, watery

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20
Q

broken bones, cafe au lait spots, precocious puberty, hyperthyroid

A

McCune Albright syndrome

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21
Q

infantile spasms, hypsarrythmia, mental retardation

A

West syndrome (usually caused by tuberous sclerosis)

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22
Q

sudden rapid clusters of tonic contractures that slowly subside w/in 2 s

A

infantile spasms

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23
Q

poor language, mental retardation, macroorchidism, FLK

A

fragile X

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24
Q

fixed split S2

A

ASD

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25
Q

fragile bones, early deafness, blue sclera

A

osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)

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26
Q

dx of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

skin bx –> DNA sequencing

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27
Q

birthmark over lower spine management

A

US to r/o spina bifida oculta

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28
Q

progression of fifth disease

A
  1. fever/HA/sore throat (1 - 2 days)
  2. slapped cheeks (next 2 days)
  3. 7 - 10 days later: lacey rash on trunk/extremities
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29
Q

red papule on scalp –> bald spot

A

tinea capitis

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30
Q

tx tinea capitis

A

oral griseofulvin

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31
Q

itchy skin (papules) on 2 family members

A

think scabies

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32
Q

skin infections, osteomyelitis, pneumonia

A

chronic granulomatous disease

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33
Q

albino things, frequent infections

A

chediak higashi

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34
Q

regular episodes of oral ulcers, fever, stomatitis, pharyngitis

A

cyclic neutropenia (usually every 21 days)

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35
Q

granulation tissue protruding through middle ear

A

cholesteatoma

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36
Q

delay in tooth eruption

A

celiacs

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37
Q

bowed legs and metaphysis breaking

A

blount disease

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38
Q

Eczema and low platelets

A

Wiskott Aldridge

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39
Q

Delayed cord separation

A

Leukocyte adhesion disorder

40
Q

Albinism and immunodeficiency

A

Chediak Hagashi

41
Q

Giant granules in neutrophils

A

Chediak Hagashi

42
Q

Angioedema – non drug related

A

C1 esterase def

43
Q

Imperforate anus dx

A

Cross table x ray

44
Q

electrolyte levels in rhabdo

A 
CK (5x hi)
HK
HP
hCa
HUrea
halbumin
Hi troponin I
45
Q

hemoptysis, hematuria, edema

A

goodpastures

46
Q

testicular cancer workup

A
  1. US

2. AFP/beta HCG

47
Q

marfan heart problems

A

mitral valve prolapse
aortic regurge
arrhythmia
aortic dissection

48
Q

1st step in short kid workup

A

x-ray of wrist/hand to kind out bone age

49
Q

causes of accidental stooling

A 
congenital (hirshsprung)
functional constipation (from chronic constipation)
neuro problems (check the wink)
50
Q

vomiting, hNa, HK

A

congenital adrenal hypoplasia (21-hydroxylase def)

51
Q

how long to wait for undescended testicle

52
Q

velocardiofacial syndrome heart problems

A

interrupted aortic arch, tuncus arteriosus, ToF

53
Q

bifid uvula

A

cleft lip/palate problems

54
Q

pain w/ eye movement + proptosis

A

orbital cellulitis

55
Q

test for osteomyelitis

56
Q

infant: jaundice, hepatomegaly, hypotonia, cataracts

A

galactosemia

57
Q

recurrent oral and genital ulcers

A

Behcet’s

58
Q

hip x-ray: small femoral head, wide articular space

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes (avascular necrosis of femoral head)

59
Q

test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

60
Q

ruddy baby risks

A

polycythemia (–> renal vein thrombosis)

61
Q

cyanosis, resp distress, S3, liver enlargement

A

total anomalous pulmonary venous return

62
Q

what’d you take: fever, tremor, tachypnea, tinnitus

63
Q

tx for congenital torticollis

64
Q

sudden death MCCs

A

long QT

wolf-parkinson-white

65
Q

pseudoappendicitis syndrome causes

A

yersinia enterocolitica

campylobacter

66
Q

test for crohn’s/UC

A

colonoscopy

67
Q

tx for impetigo

A

topical mupirocin

oral clindamycin if need be

68
Q

systolic ejection click @ apex (ddx)

A 
mitral valve (chanegs w/ valsalva)
bicuspid aortic arch (doesn't change w/ valsalva)
69
Q

triangle head, mom w/ polyhydramnios

A

Bartter syndrome

70
Q

when is it a febrile seizure

A

age: 6 - 60 months
type: generalized
time: 15 min
quick return to baseline
with fever (duh)

71
Q

chocolate brown blood

A

methemoglobinemia

72
Q

healthy child w/ anemia

A

transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (self-limiting)

73
Q

heme problem w/ phenytoin

A

folate deficiency

74
Q

diff btwn folate/B12 def

A

folate (no CNS): high homocysteine, norm MMA

B12 (CNS) high homo, high MMA

75
Q

poor tone, jaundice, hoarse cry

A

congenital hypothyroid

76
Q

things babies smell like (WTF comat)

A

musty: PKU
boiled cabbage: tyrosinemia
sweaty feet: isovaleric acidemia

77
Q

single, raised, “orange-peel” lesion on scalp

A

nevus sebaceous

78
Q

erythematous lesion over glabella, nuchal area and eyelids

A

nevus simplex

79
Q

downward displacement of acromion

A

acromioclavicular separation

80
Q

cyanotic baby gets worse with O2

A

ductal dependent lesion

give PGE1

81
Q

when to repair cleft lip/palate

A

lip (+ PE tubes) @ 3 months

palate @ 9 - 12 months

82
Q

white forelock, deafness, blue eyes

A

Waardenberg syndrome

83
Q

inguinal hernias, clouded cornea, stiff joints

84
Q

tx for baby of HIV mom

A

oral zidovudine

85
Q

premie: apnea, pallor, bulging fontanelle

A

intraventricular hemorrhage

86
Q

grunting, retractions and tachypnea post c-section

A

transient tachypnea of the newborn

87
Q

crying –> cyanosis

88
Q

premie on enteral feeds

A

necrotizing enterocolitis

89
Q

abdominal xray: dilated loops, abnormal gas, bowel wall edema

A

necrotizing enterocolitis

90
Q

dx appendicitis

A

abdominal US

91
Q

exaggerated response to noise

92
Q

tx for babies of TB moms

A

INH prophylaxis

chest x-ray @ 4-6 wks

93
Q

tx for reducible umbilical hernia

94
Q

tx for croup

A

neb: epi

oral dexamethasone

95
Q

persistent hoarseness @ 3 yo

96
Q

fragile bones, hepatosplenomegaly, increased ICP

A

vit A toxicity

97
Q

sickle patient w/ abdominal pain

A

gallstones (dx w/ US)

Year 3 (5 decks)

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