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SMLE > pediatrics > Flashcards

pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

foreign body in kinderen

A

sudden onset of respiratory distress, geen koorts, unilateral wheezing, vaak rechts, en op de x thorax hyperinflation of the right lung with mediastinal shift to the left , to be removed by rigid bronchoscopy from the right main bronchus, to make the diagnosis hard you also need rigid bronchoscopy

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2
Q

kwashiorkor

A

have access to carbohydrates, bread grains or starches but no access to proteins, vocht in de buik = ascites

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3
Q

marasmus

A

deficiency of all macronutrients; M arasmus = M useebah; atrophy everywhere

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4
Q

how to calculate the expected height of a child

A

mid parental height is important or most important bedside test to evaluate short stature and it is of highest diagnostic value

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5
Q

insulin like growth factor

A

growth hormone defi, should you treat it immediately? no, evaluate after 1 year

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6
Q

consitutional growth delay

A

low igf1 but normal serum growth hormone with delay in teh grouth without other abnormalaities

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7
Q

nutritional rickets management?

A

give daily administration of vitamin D3

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8
Q
A
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9
Q

which combinations of rickets you might see?

A

low calcium, mildly high PTH, very high alkaline phsophatase, and widening of the growth plates on x ray

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10
Q

high calcium, low phsophate, lower leg long bone angulation and distal bone hypertrophy

A

familial hypophosphatemia rickets

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11
Q

the correct way to write an order of vitamin D?

A

vitamin D 400 units daily

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

een oude man met gastritis tgv nsaids met ijzer deficiencie

A

geen ijzer tabletten, alleen ijzer iv

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14
Q

een dame van 50 jaar oud, status na AVR met nu anemie en reiculocyte count percentage is high, hb laag , wbc en bloedplaatjes normaal

A

in the perpheral smear you see schistocytes and burr cells

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15
Q

een baby met ijzer defic

A

give iron supplements

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16
Q

ijnzer intox

A

to stop giv desferrioxamine iv
iron of 90 could be within normal range for some children but it could also indicate intox, so give desferrioxamine

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17
Q

recommended vaccines at 6 years old

A

mmr, varicella, dtp, en opv, these are pre schoold vaccination

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18
Q

most important quesiton in the assessment for the vaccination

A

whether the child has recently received ivig; intravenous imunoglobulin

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19
Q
A
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20
Q

hiv child from his mother with low t cell count

A

do not give them live vaccin such as varcella or mmr

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21
Q

in a mother with crohns disease on biological theray and azathiorpine, which vaccines should you avoid

A

live aatenuated vaccines for a period of 12 months
opv seems to be also live aatenautided

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22
Q

BCG is also live vaccine and it should not be given in verdenking immunodeiciency

A

true

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23
Q

is hepatitis b vaccine safe to any child with immunodeficieny or verdenkinging daarop ?

A

yes

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24
Q
A
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25
Q
A
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26
Q

moeder met chronishce hepatiis b, nu zwanger

A

geef het kind en het vaccine en immunoglobulin

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27
Q

een kind met nefrotisch syndroom en krijgt steroids, wanneer vaccineren

A

over 6 maanden en niet direct

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28
Q

contraindication vaccine during preganncy

A

live vaccines such as varcella , infleunza is safe

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29
Q
A
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30
Q
A
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31
Q

high fever alone is generally not a reason to dealy or withhold subsequent vaccines

A

true

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32
Q
A
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33
Q
A
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34
Q

child with diarrea came vaccination

A

give all if there are no concerning symptoms

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35
Q

what to do for child came for vaccines but he on antibiotics course

A

do NOT delay till finishing his ab

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36
Q

een kid die verkouden is met koorts maar verder stabiel en oogt niet erg ziek, zou je hem vaccineren als je al een afspraak heeft

A

ja proceed with vaccination

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37
Q
A
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38
Q
A

a

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39
Q
A

at birth

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40
Q

which vaccins should you give at 2 months old baby

A
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41
Q

vaccins at 4 months?

A
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42
Q
A
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43
Q

1 year vaccination

A

OPV, MMR, PCV, VARECILLA

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44
Q
A
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45
Q
A

d

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46
Q
A
47
Q

egg allergy and vaccines

A

before you give yellow fever vaccination you should be assessed by an immunology specialist

48
Q

Dtap vaccine least side effect

A

redness

49
Q

which inidcate poor ivig response

A

increased crp

50
Q

pilgrims vaccine required

A

meningitis

51
Q

bed wetting overnight in 8 years old

A

detrusor muscle and pelvci floor weakness

52
Q

bed wetting bij een kid die het al goed doet maar nu plotseling bed wetting

A

uwi

53
Q
A

c

54
Q

until which age is bed wetting considered normal behavior

A

5

55
Q
A
56
Q

treatment of congenital hypothyroidisim

A

lifelong levothyroxine

57
Q
A
58
Q

vertel wat je weet over cycstoic fibrosis

A
59
Q

how to confirm the diagnosis

A

sweat chloride test in a sibling is important screening tool but to conifrm the diagonsins you need genetic testing (also in a sibling); hereditary autosomal recessive

60
Q
A

nasal polyps are common in cystic fibrosis

61
Q

chronic productive couf recurrent chest infections and sinusitits and poor growth

A

denk aan cystic fibrosis

62
Q

In almost all cases of meconium ileus, cystic fibrosis is the underlying disease.An intestinal obstruction caused by failure to pass meconium. Typically manifests in the first three days of life with abdominal distension

A

cystic fibrosisi is usually the underlying caause

63
Q

most common compliction of cystic fibrosisi

A

bronchiectasis

64
Q
A

cf

65
Q
A

a

66
Q
A

c

67
Q

multiple duodenal erosions or subtotal villous atrophy

A

celiac disease

68
Q

abdomnal bloating , diarree, crampy pain, watery loos stool, mucus in stool, tissue transglutaminase IgA posititve, no blood in stool

A

celiac disease

69
Q

skin lesion in celiac disease

A

dermatitis herpitiform

70
Q
A

d

71
Q
A

a

72
Q

diagnosis celiac dsiease

A

positive serological test can confirm the diagnossi

73
Q

celiac dsiease heb je vaak ijzer def

A

geef ijzer iv

74
Q
A

d

75
Q
A

d; inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal; vaak in pre term kinderen

76
Q
A

b

77
Q

hirschsprung disease presentation

A

constipation sicnce birth, empty rectum maar after finger..

78
Q

hirschsprung disease diagnosis and treatment

A

treatment: refer to surgery; leveling colostomy

79
Q

normal and abnormal crying

A
80
Q
A

infantile colic

81
Q

infentile colic behandeling

A
82
Q
A

c

83
Q

infentile colic wil resolve

A

at 6 months and associate with excessive passage of flatus

84
Q
A

ileocolic

85
Q

intussusception gold standard investigation and treatment

A

barium enema

86
Q

intussusception best initial test

A

abdoimanl ultrasound; target sign; anders contrast enema where you see pneumatic insufflation

87
Q
A

a

88
Q
A

A

89
Q
A

D

90
Q

pyloric stenosis presentation

A
91
Q

pyloric stenosis diagnosis

A
92
Q

dd vomiting newborn

A
93
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux in infants

A
94
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants

A
95
Q

intussusception risk factors, prsentation , diagnosis and treatment

A
96
Q

pyloric stenosis lab findings

A

hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

97
Q

pyloric stenosis first steps in the behandeling

A

iv infuus (normal saline) en potasium suppletie, daarna ok

98
Q

pyloric stenosis sign

A

single bubble, olive

99
Q

pyloric stenosis best diagnostic

A

ultrasound

100
Q

IgA vasculitis
also colled
(Henoch-Schonlein purpura); clinical presentation

A

most important LWII paar weken eerderer + petechial rash ; kan ook buik klachten, behandeling mainly supportive maar in bepaalde gevallen zoals bij LgAV nephritis of vervelende buik pijn of rectal bleeding, je kan systemaic glucocorticoids geven

knee en ankle most affected joints

101
Q
A

IgA vasculitits

102
Q
A

b

103
Q

diphteria presentation

A
104
Q

most common cause of ear infection or otitis media in children

A

is bacteria

105
Q

most common virus causing acute otitis media

A

rhinovirus

106
Q
A

d
but if only budling tympanic membrane the it is acute otitis media

107
Q

conductive hearing loss because of

A

could be becuase of recurrent otitis media

108
Q
A
109
Q

limited range of motion at the hip joint

A

femoral slipped capital epiphyseal plate

110
Q

honey colored crusted lesion

A

impetigo

111
Q

impetigo presentation

A

staph aureus or streptococcus pygogenes, vaak geen koorts, geen ziek geweest , not itchy

112
Q

tot rond 194

A
113
Q
A

SMLE (3 decks)

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