PEDIATRICS

Question 1

Describe the plantar grasp reflex

Answer 1

• therapist places pressure on the ball of the foot.
• Response: flexion and curling of the toes
• Age: 28 weeks - 9 months

Question 2

Describe the Moro Reflex

Answer 2

• Infants head is suddenly allowed to fall into extension
• causes a startled look = UE abd and fingers open, then crossing trunk into adduction
• Age: 28 weeks to 5 months

Question 3

Describe the Landau Reflex

Answer 3

• Therapist places child in prone suspension
• Child responds by aligning their head and extremities in line with the body
• Age: 3 months to two years

Question 4

Describe the Galant Reflex

Answer 4

• Therapist touches the skin along the infants spine from the shoulder to the hip
• Child responds with lateral flexion of the trunk to the side of the stimulus
• Age: 30 weeks destation to two months

Question 5

Describe the ATNR Reflex

Answer 5

• Therapist turns infant head to one side
• infant arm and leg on face side are extended, arm and leg on scalp side are flexed
• Age: birth to 6 months

Question 6

Describe the STNR reflex

Answer 6

• infant head is placed in flexion or extension
• flexion: arms flex legs extend and extension: arms extend, legs flex
• Age: 6 to 12 months

Question 7

Describe the Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex

Answer 7

• position of labyrinth in ear reflected in head position
• In Supine: infant holds body in extension
• In prone: infant holds body in flexion
• Age: birth to 6 months

Question 8

Describe the palmar grasp reflex

Answer 8

• Therapist places pressure in palm on ulnar side
• infant flexes finger for a strong grip
• Age: birth to 4 months

Question 9

Describe the rooting reflex

Answer 9

• therapist touches infant cheek
• infant turns head to same side with mouth open
• 28 weeks gest to 3 months

Question 10

Describe the startle reflex

Answer 10

• therapist makes a sudden loud noise
• similar to moro, but elbows stay flexed and hands closed
• Age: 28 wks gest to 5 months

Question 11

Describe the positive support reflex

Answer 11

• place weight on the balls of feet when upright
• infant stiffens legs and trunk into extension
• Age: 35 wks gestation to 2 months

Question 12

Describe the walking (stepping) reflex

Answer 12

• infant is in a supported upright position with soles of feet flat on the floor
• normal response is reciprocal flexion/extension of legs
• Age: 38 wks gest to 2 months

Question 13

What muscles contribute most to the pull to sit maneuver?

Answer 13

abdominals, cervical flexors, hip flexors