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Neet Pg > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Rules of growth

A

Cont process, cephalocaudal, unique in each individual, each tiss- unique growth pattern

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2
Q

Weight doubles and triples by

A

5m, 1 yr

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3
Q

Height doubles by, and triples by

A

4y and 12 yrs

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4
Q

Hc at birth

A

33-34

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5
Q

Hc increased by

A

First 3m 2cm/month
4-6 1cm/m
6-12 0.5cm/m

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6
Q

Sequence of puberty in females

A

Telarche, pubarche, menarche

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7
Q

Sequence of puberty in males

A

Testicular enlargement, pubarche/pubical growth/manly changes

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8
Q

Best marker of pubertal status

A

LH and FSH

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9
Q

Taners staging for male
Grade 111

A

Coarsening and curling of pubic hair
Increased length of penis
Test vol -10 ml

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10
Q

Taners staging 4

A

Increase in penile width
Growth spurt(9-11cm/yr

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11
Q

Taners stage five for adult male

A

Tv >20 ml 25

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12
Q

Scrottal reddening ? Which stage
Scrottal darkening?? Which stage

A

Reddening-TS 2
Darkening -TS 4

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13
Q

Breast bud app

A

Ts 2

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14
Q

Growth spurt of female

A

Ts 3

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15
Q

Menarche occurs in

A

Ts 4

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16
Q

Ts 5 female

A

Pubic hair
Medial thight+

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17
Q

Assessment of growth-age dependent

A

Weight for age
Height for age
Bmi for age

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18
Q

Age independent

A

Muac
Skin fold thickness
Weight for length

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19
Q

Height vs length

A

Standing height-stadiometer->2year

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20
Q

Length measured by

A

Infantometer

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21
Q

Muac measured by

A

Shakirs tape

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22
Q

Muac

A

<11.5cm sam red
11.5-12.5 border line
Yellow
>12.5 N green

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23
Q

Skin fold thickness m/c sites

A

Triceps, biceps, scapula
>10mm -n
<6 mm-malnourished

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24
Q

Skinfold thickness measured by

A

Harpendens calliper

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25
Q

Hc:cc

A

At birth hc >cc
9m-12m Hc=cc
>1y cc>hc

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26
Q

Us:ls

A

Birth 1.7:1
3y:1.3:1
10 y1:1
Adult 0.9:1

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27
Q

Arm spn

A

At birth length>as
10-11 yr L= as
Adult as>length~ 1cm /2cm

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28
Q

Body surface area

A

√ ht (m)xwt(kg)÷ 3600

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29
Q

Growth charts

A

Indian
IAP(>5y)
KN aggarval
International
NCHs
CDC
WHO
MGRS

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30
Q

SD

A

3rd centile -2sd
15 centile -1sd
50th centile 0sd
85th centile +1sd
97 th +2 sd

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31
Q

Short stature

A

H/A <-2 SD or 3rd centile

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32
Q

Short stature types

A

Physiological
Familial
Constitutional delay in growth and puberty

Pathological
Proportionate ss US:LS maintained
Dis proportionate US:LS not maintained

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33
Q

Familial short stature

A

<3rd centile
Equal to genetic pottential

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34
Q

Familial sd
Mph for boys

A

Ht(f)+ht(m)÷2+6.5

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35
Q

Familial ss for girls

A

Ht(m)+ht(f)÷2-6.5

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36
Q

In familial ss

A

Bone age=chronological age

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37
Q

Cgdp

A

Final height=adult height
Delay in puberty
Bone age<chronological age

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38
Q

Pathological short stature proportionate eg

A

Us:ls ratio maintained
Eg:malnutrition, ckd, torch, GH def, turner

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39
Q

Dispropotionate short stature 2 type

A

Inc us Ls ratio: short dwarfism
Rickets, osteogenesis I’m, achondroplasia, cong hypothyroidism
Dec Us:Ls ratio
Short trunk dwarfism
Pots spine
Spondo epiphysial dysplasia
Mps

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40
Q

Level 1 inv of short stature

A

Routine

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41
Q

Level 2 inv ss

A

Thyroid function test
Celiac serology
Karyotyping

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42
Q

Level 3 inv for ss

A

Gh provocation test
Mri brain
Igf 1/2
Igf binding protein level

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43
Q

In all path ss bone age <chronological age except

A

Precocious puberty

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44
Q

Gh replacement ind

A

Gh def
Turner
Prader willi synd
Ckd
Post chemo
Pm radiotherapy

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45
Q

Microcephaly

A

<-3sd for that age

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46
Q

Macrocephaly

A

Hc >+2sd for that age

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47
Q

Causes of microcephaly

A

Gen: down
End: cong hypothyroidism
Torch inf ,Zika
Teratogens -eg alcohol
Inborn error of metabolism
neural tube defect
Structural anomaly

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48
Q

Causes of macrocephaly

A

Inc skull thickness - any chronic hemolytic anemia eg thalasemia
Accumulation of blood or pus+ hemorrhage
Hydrocephalus
Hydroencephaly
Lsd, leukodystrophism, NC dyndrome
Sotos

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49
Q

What is sotos

A

Over growth syndrome
AD, NSD 2,inc HC , inc limb size
Ataxia
Mild intellectual disability

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50
Q

Plagiocephaly

A

Abn flattening of one side of skull

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51
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

Premature sutural fusion

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52
Q

Craniosyntosis eg:

A

Dolichocephaly,brachycephaly,trigonocephaly,torrycephaly

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53
Q

Dolichocephaly

A

Premature fusion of sagittal suture
Increased ap diameter

54
Q

Brachycephaly

A

Premature fusion of coronal suture

55
Q

Trigonocephaly

A

Premature suture of metopic suture
Triangular shaped skull

56
Q

Turricephaly

A

Multiple sutural fusion
Tower shaped skull

57
Q

Craniosyntosis syndromes

A

Crouzen syndrome ,apert sundrome

58
Q

Craniosyndosis syndrome

A

Crouzen
Apert

59
Q

Crouzon syndrome

A

AD
Fgfr 2 mutatn
Proptosis
Midline hyperplasia
Boxshaped skull

60
Q

Apert

A

Fgfr2
Cleft palate
Syndactyly(mitten hands)
Turicephali

61
Q

Rules of development

A

Cont process
Cephalocaudal dirn
Proximal to distal
Sequences always preserved
Primitive neonatal reflex need to be lost

62
Q

Domains of development

A

Gross motor
Fine motor
Language
Social
Special domains . Vision and hearing

63
Q

Rolls over

A

5 month

64
Q

Sit with support

A

6 month

65
Q

Sit without support

A

8 month

66
Q

Stand with support

A

9 months

67
Q

Tripod

A

9 month

68
Q

Creeping

A

10 m

69
Q

Walk with support which month???

A

15 months

70
Q

Walk without support??

A

15 m

71
Q

Run

A

18 m

72
Q

Up and down stairs 2feet/steps

A

24 months/2 yr

73
Q

Upstairs one feet at step/down stairs 2 feet / step
Tricycle

A

3y

74
Q

Upstairs and down stairs 2feet/step

A

4 yr

75
Q

Skipping

A

5 yr

76
Q

Brings hand in the mid line

A

3 months

77
Q

Bidextrous grasp (but overshoots)

A

4 m

78
Q

Bidextrous grasp but not overshoot

A

5 m

79
Q

Unidextrous grasp(ulnar grasp)

A

6 m

80
Q

Radial grasp and transpher of object

A

7 m

81
Q

Immature pincer grasp

A

9m

82
Q

Mature pincer grasp

A

12 m

83
Q

Scribbling

A

15 m

84
Q

Draw a straight line

A

2 yr

85
Q

Circle

A

3 yr

86
Q

Crosss

A

4 year

87
Q

Rectangle and square

A

4.5 yr

88
Q

Triangle

A

5 year

89
Q

Diamond

A

6-7 yr

90
Q

Cylinder

A

9yr

91
Q

Box

A

11 yr

92
Q

Tower of 2 cubes

A

15 m

93
Q

Tower of 3 cube

A

18 m

94
Q

Tower of 6 cube

A

2 years

95
Q

Tower of 9 cube

A

3 years

96
Q

Train

A

2y

97
Q

Train with chimmney

A

2 1/2 yr

98
Q

3 cube bridge

A

4 yrs

99
Q

5 cube bridge

A

5 yrs

100
Q

Bridge with steps

A

6 years

101
Q

Child imitate a circle?
Child copy a circle??

A

Imitate 2 1/2 yr
Copy 3 yr

102
Q

Child undress with help

A

2 yr

103
Q

Dress with help

A

3 yr

104
Q

Unbutton without help??

A

3 yrs

105
Q

Dress with without help

A

5 yrs

106
Q

Social smile

A

2 months

107
Q

Recognises mother

A

3 months

108
Q

Mirror play

A

6 m

109
Q

Stranger anxiety

A

7 m

110
Q

Waves,

A

9 m

111
Q

15 m 2 p

A

Point towards object
Point towards wet pants

112
Q

15 m 2 p

A

Point towards object
Point towards wet pants

113
Q

Domestic mimicry
Dry at day

A

18m

114
Q

Parallel play

A

2 yrs

115
Q

Play each other, cooperative play

A

3 years

116
Q

Role play or group play

A

4 yrs

117
Q

Language -coo

A

3 m

118
Q

Mono syllable

A

6 m

119
Q

Bi syllable

A

9 m

120
Q

1-2 word with meaning

A

12 m

121
Q

Jargon speech

A

15 m

122
Q

8-10 words, picture naming

A

18 m

123
Q

2 word sentences

A

24 m

124
Q

Name, age, gender

A

3yrs

125
Q

Past tense , poem, story

A

4 yrs

126
Q

Future tense
Ask meaning of word
8-10 word sentences

A

5 y

127
Q

Right and left diff

A

4y

128
Q

Handedness

A

3y

129
Q

Binocular vision

A

4m

130
Q

Fixation of
Mother, object, moving object, fast moving object??

A

1m, 3m, 6m, 12m

Neet Pg (5 decks)

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