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Stuff Idk > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

How do you test for the glabellar reflex in infants?

A

Tap the bridge of the infant’s nose

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2
Q

How do you test for the extrusion reflex in infants?

A

Depress the infant’s tongue, should cause the infant to stick out their tongue

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3
Q

How do you test for the rooting reflex in infants?

A

Stroke the infant’s cheek, should cause the infant to turn towards that side and suck

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4
Q

How do you test for the asymmetric tonic neck reflex in infants?

A

Turn the infant’s head to one side, should cause the infant to extend their arm and leg to that side and flex their arm and leg on the other side

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5
Q

T/F: A child exhibiting discomfort while walking is a potential indication of child physical maltreatment.

A

False. This is a potential indication of child sexual maltreatment

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6
Q

How do you straighten the ear canal of children younger than 3 years old?

A

Pull the pinna downward and back

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7
Q

How do you straighten the eye canal of children older than 3 years old?

A

Pull the pinna upward and back

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8
Q

T/F: A child who has acute Kawasaki disease will have a fever that is responsive to antipyretics.

A

False. A child who has acute Kawasaki disease will have a fever that is NOT responsive to antipyretics or antibiotics.

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9
Q

What is the BRAT diet?

A

Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast.

Contains little nutritional value, inadequate amounts of protein and electrolytes, and is high in simple carbohydrates.

Contraindicated for a child with acute diarrhea

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10
Q

T/F: Popcorn is a choking hazard for toddlers.

A

True

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11
Q

When can a child with varicella return to school?

A

The child should return to school once all the lesions have crusted over. Varicella is no longer contagious after crusts have formed on all lesions.

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12
Q

T/F: Toddlers participate in toddler play.

A

True.

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13
Q

What age group can sit unsupported and has a crude pincer grasp?

A

8 months

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14
Q

What age group does separation anxiety begin?

A

4 months

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15
Q

When does the posterior fontanel close?

A

2 months

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16
Q

When do infants receive the first influenza vaccination?

A

6 months

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17
Q

When does the anterior fontanel close?

A

12-18 months

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18
Q

When the does the birth weight double, and when does the infant roll from front to back?

A

6 months

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19
Q

When does the birth weight triple, and when can the infant walk with help?

A

12 months

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20
Q

What age group does separation anxiety peak and at what age group does ritualism occur?

A

Toddler (1-3 year)

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21
Q

What age group rides a tricycle and alternates feed going up and down stairs?

A

3 years

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22
Q

What age group can jump rope and tie their shoelaces?

A

5 years

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23
Q

What age group has magical thinking and partakes in pretend play?

A

Preschooler (3-6 year)

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24
Q

What age group walls independently and can use a cup well?

A

15 months

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25
Q

What age group can skip and hop and throws a ball over their head reliably?

A

4 years

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26
Q

What are contributing factors of child neglect and abuse?

A

Knowledge deficit
Young maternal age
<1 year of age
Chronic stress

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27
Q

What needle size should be used for IM injections?

A

22-25G, 1/2 to 1 inch

28
Q

What are the manifestations of Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

Cyanosis and hypoxia

29
Q

What are the components of Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

Overriding aorta
Pulmonic stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Ventricular septal defect

30
Q

T/F: Waking up can be a trigger of a hypercyanotic spell.

A

True

31
Q

T/F: For feeding newborn who has a cleft lip, there are no special feeding devices.

A

False

32
Q

T/F: For feeding newborn who has a cleft lip, you should introduce solid foods after 12months.

A

False

33
Q

What is the most objective way to measure hydration in children?

A

Weight

34
Q

A loss of 0.5kg body weight is equal to how many mL of water?

A

500mL

35
Q

What are contributing factors of hyperbilirubinemia?

A

Prematurity
Birth injury
Rh negative mom

36
Q

For a toddler who has glomerulonephritis, what is the priority intervention?

A

Assess blood pressure every 1 hour

37
Q

What is the most common mode of transmission for communicable disease?

A

Airborne

38
Q

What diseases have unusual symptoms or risks?

A

Fifth Disease (Hand, foot, mouth)
Meningitis

39
Q

What are expected findings of sickle cell anemia?

A

-Chronic anemia
-Cool extremities
-Pain
-Delayed onset of puberty
-Renal involvement

40
Q

How do you know if pancrelipase powder is working?

A

Weight gain

41
Q

Can Benadryl be given to children under 12 years of age?

A

Yes.

42
Q

What immunization should be administered to an 18yo who is planning to move into a campus dorm?

A

Meningococcal polysaccharide

43
Q

What is the most common food allergy in children?

A

Cow’s milk. Some children are sensitive to the protein casein found in cow’s milk.

44
Q

Until what age is the Babinski reflex present?

A

Until 1 year

45
Q

When is the first dose of MMR administered?

A

12 to 15 months

46
Q

What immunizations are administered at 2-months?

A

Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B)
IPV (inactivated polio virus)

47
Q

T/F: It is normal for a 5-month-old infant to have a head lag when pulled from a lying to a sitting position.

A

False.

48
Q

T/F: For an 8-year-old who has a deep puncture injury, it is okay to administered an adult tetanus booster (Td).

A

True. Td is recommended for wound prophylaxis in children ages 7 years and older.

49
Q

What temperature should the water heater be?

A

Water heater should not exceed 49 degrees celcius (120 fahrenheit)

50
Q

T/F: Skim milk is okay for infants to drink.

A

False. Skim milk is not recommended until after age 2 since it lacks essential fatty acids.

51
Q

When should infants begin vocalizing vowel sounds?

A

7 months

52
Q

T/F: For a 12-year-old child who has ingested bleach, immediate administration of activated charcoal is warranted.

A

False. Because it can infiltrate any tissue that is burned

53
Q

T/F: For a 12-year-old child who has ingested bleach, treatment focuses on neutralization of the chemical.

A

False. Neutralization can result in heat injury to tissues due to an exothermic reaction. This might result in both chemical and thermal burns of tissues

54
Q

When are pinworm specimens collected?

A

Collected in the morning as soon as the child wakes up and before the child bathes or has a bowel movement.

55
Q

T/F: Periorbital edema is an expected finding in a child who has glumerulonephritis.

A

True

56
Q

Koplik spots are manifestations of which condition?

A

Measles.

Koplik spots are small, irregular oral lesios with bluish-white center

57
Q

Parotitis is an expected finding of which condition?

A

Mumps

58
Q

A strawberry tongue is an expected finding of which condition?

A

Scarlet fever

59
Q

Paroxysmal cough is an expected finding of which condition?

A

Pertussis

60
Q

Following a surgical repair of a cleft palate, what instrument should the RN plan to use to feed a 12-month-old infant?

A

Cup, to prevent trauma and injury to the suture line

61
Q

T/F: A preschooler views death as temporary and interchangeable with life.

A

True

62
Q

Are bagels and marshmellows okay for infants to eat?

A

No. They’re hard to chew.

63
Q

How often should a 3-month-old’s ileostomy bag be checked?

A

Every 4 hours.

64
Q

T/F: The rotavirus is not contraindicated for infants with intussusception.

A

False. Rotavirus vaccine is contraindicated for infants with intussusception.

65
Q

What are the stages of separation anxiety?

A

Stage 1: Protest

Stage 2: Despair

Stage 3: Denial or detachment

66
Q

What are the characteristics of each stage of separation anxiety?

A

Stage 1: Protest, crying and screaming, attempting to looking for parent

Stage 2: Despair, sucking thumb, inactivity, refusing to eat/drink

Stage 3: Denial or detachment, child appears happy and interacting with strangers

67
Q
A

Stuff Idk (9 decks)

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