pediatric resuscitation and assessment Flashcards
Vital ranges for Infant
HR 100-180
RR 30-53
BP 72-104/37-56
Vital ranges for toddler
HR 98-140
RR 22-37
BP 86-106/42-63
Vital ranges for Preschooler
HR 80-120
RR 20-28
BP 89-112/46-72
school age child vital ranges
HR 75-118
RR 18-25
BP 97-115/57-76
Vital ranges for an adolescent
HR 60-100
RR 12-20
BP 110/131/ 64-83
Key SPO2 sat
> 94%
What are the areas to look at during inspection
Vital signs
Respiratory Distress
Skin color
Chest wall
What are examples of presentation of respiratory distress
Head bobbing
Seasaw breathing
what muscle contracts during inspiration
Sternoclado mastoid
What happens during seesaw breathing
Chest retracts and abdomen expands in inspiration on expiration expands abdomen retracts
what type of disorders are seesaw breathing seen in
neuro muscular disorders
What does seesaw breathing indicate?
Airway obstruction
Where is Pallor located
skin or mucus membranes
where is mottling located
skin
What causes pallor
decreased blood supply to skin
Poor profusion
What causes mottling
vasoconstriction from hypoxemia, hypovolemia, or shock
what type of cyanosis is normal in a new born
Acrocyanosis
what causes peripheral cyanosis
shock, chf
what causes central cyanosis
V/Q mismatch
Alveolar hypoventilation
diffusion defect
What do you look for when examining the chest wall
Shape
Muscle mass and strength
Adipose tissue
Expansion
What shapes are there in chest wall assessment
Barrel chest
Pectus carinatum
Pectus excavatum
Kyphosis
Scoliosis
what do we look for in chest expansion
Symmetrical
Visible
what are poor indicators of Muscle Mass and strength of the chest wall
decreases muscle mass
poor head control
weakness of trunk and/or extremities
What causes barrel chest in an infant
Respiratory issues from airtrapping
What is the gioal for pulmonary palpitation
Palpitate for any masses
what does hyperresonance indicate
focal or generalized air trapping, or pneumothorax
What does Dullness indicate
Atelectasis, consolidation, or pleural effusion
what are we looking for in motion with deep breathing
breath is symmetrical
What are we looking for in fremitus
sub q emphys
what does grunting indicate
small airway collapse, and/or alveolar collapse
what causes grunting
pneumonia
pulmonary contusion
RDS
CHF
what causes stridor
foreign body
croup
cong airway abnormalities
Upper airway edema
What does stridor indicate
upper airway instruction
what does stertor indicate
NG or OG obstruction
What causes stertor
enlarged tonsils
enlarged adenoids
What does Adventitious mean
Not normal, listen for intensity of insp and exp
Prolonged esp phase indicates resp
what does clubbing indicate
ILD
CF
CHD
Edema
what do you assess during appearance
degree of activity
muscle tone
verbal response or cry
What do you assess during work of breathing
tripod or sniffing position
retractions
audible breathing sounds
What do you assess during circulation
Pale
Mottled
cyanotic
what is the secondary assessment composed of
diagnostic testing, H’s and T’s detailed physical examination
what does abcde stand for in primary assessment
Airway
Breathing
circulation
disability
exposure
has to be treated one at a time
how do we determine airway patency
breath sounds
chest movement
air movement
what is gasping a sign of
impending cardiac arrest
what indicates inhibited airway patency ?
signs of no bs despite effort
OSA but no movement
what are ways we can help maintain airway
sniffing position
head tilt chin life
jaw thrust
suction
what are two ways to alleviate uao
under 1 5 back slaps
over 1 abdominal thrusts
what do you look for during initial assessment
ABC airway breathing circulation
what is TICLS
Tone
Interactiveness
Consolbility
look/gaze
speech/cry
what are signs of resp distress
Tripoding
retractions
nasal flaring
grunting
head bobbing
what is the dose for porcant alfa ( curosurf)
2.5ml/BW
What is the dose for Beractant (survanta)
4ml/BW
what is the dose for calfacant (infasurf)
3ml/BW
