Pediatric Patient

Question 1

Cranial treatments in infants and children are useful in the following three conditions? Also, what are the two cranial techniques that are helpful for these conditions?

Answer 1

Poor suckle, infant constipation, and birth trauma.

Condylar decompression and BMT

Question 2

3 principles to consider when a patient presents with a MSK complaint?

Answer 2

Evaluate the joints above and below the joint complained about
Do an orthopedic exam and an OSE
Send your patients home with exercise

Question 3

At what age do the permanent curvatures of the spine develop?

Answer 3

6

Question 4

Cranial treatment expected to have greatest effect when?

Answer 4

Before bones fuse

Question 5

It is estimated that 88% of infants have cranial somatic dysfunction, how are most resolved?

Answer 5

Self resolved through the infants crying and sucking

Question 6

What is a common cause of cranial dysfunctions in infants and what cranial bone is most often the dysfunctional one?

Answer 6

Birth trauma or just the delivery in and of itself where baby’s is trying to get had through pelvic outlet
Occiput

Question 7

What condition is most commonly occurring because compression of the following cranial nerves?
12 and 9?
10?
11?

Answer 7

Poor suck
Reflux, vomiting, colic
Colic, muscular dysfunction

Question 8

Which cranial bone affects the most cranial nerves?

Answer 8

Temporal

Question 9

When the temporal bone is internally rotated, it increases the likelihood of what?

Answer 9

Likelihood of OM

Question 10

When operative vaginal delivery occurs, if there is damage to CN 6 or 7, what condition can baby get?

Answer 10

CN 6: lateral rectus palsy

CN 7: facial palsy

Question 11

What is synostotic plagiocephaly?

Answer 11

Premature closure of the lambdoidal suture

Question 12

What would be the results of the following for positional head deformity vs. synostotic plagiocpahly?
Palpate lamboidal suture?
Check ear position?
Assess facial symmetry?
Observe unilateral bald spot?
Inspect by aerial view?

Answer 12

Palpable ridge suggests synostotic
Ear in flattened side more anterior, PHD. Ear on flattened side more posterior, Syn.
Forehead protruding on the side of the flattening suggests PHD
Unilateral bald spot suggests PHD
Parallelogram shaped head suggests PHD

Question 13

What type of treatments are preferred for infants and how often should the visits be?

Answer 13

Indirect

Short but frequent

Question 14

What to think about with movement/activity in toddlers 1-4 and the ossification process?

Answer 14

Ossification is increasing

Learning to walk, so falls and hitting head

Question 15

Talk about ossification in school ages children?

Answer 15

Cranium fully ossified, but epiphyseal plates are still open.
Rapid growing is taken place so these kids can get growing pains

Question 16

How does the USPSTF view scoliosis screening?

Answer 16

Recommend against screening asymptomatic children/teens for scoliosis

Question 17

What does the American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines recommend for scoliosis screening? What do most PCPs do with scoliosis screening for children and teens?

Answer 17

Do not support any recommendation against scoliosis screening.
Most PCPs screen for scoliosis

Question 18

What OMT technique is relatively contraindicated in anyone with hyper-mobile joints?

Answer 18

HVLA

Question 19

What age do the innominates fuse by, what age does the sacrum fuse by, and how are the joints in adolescents?

Answer 19

20
Late adolescense
A lot of teens are hypermobile

Question 20

How does he separate middle GI tract from lower GI tract?

Answer 20

Middle GI tract starts at ligament of treitz to splenic flexure.
Splenic flexure to rectum

Question 21

Little guy presents with poor sucking and feeding, best OMT treatment for him?

Answer 21

Cranial, especially condylar compression.

Question 22

Little guy presents with GERD, what OMT treatments are best for him?

Answer 22

Cranial and then viscerosomatics of OA, AA and T5-9

Question 23

3 things to consider with a little guy presenting with constipation?

Answer 23

Viscerosomatic levels
Pelvic
Mesenteric release

Question 24

Parasympathetic for nose?

Answer 24

CN 7 and vagus

Question 25

2 lymph treatments for sinusitis?
3 lymph treatments for otitis media?
What to always evaluate in asthma, pneumonia, or really any lower respiratory deal?

Answer 25

Sinus milking or cranial lifts
Ear pull, gallbreath, and Muncie technique
Ribs

Question 26

Would you find inhalation or exhalation SDs in asthma patients more often?

Answer 26

Inhalation

Question 27

Using 5 models of the asthma patient having a flare up, how could you treat?

Answer 27

Neuro, give a b2 agonist
Immune, give ICS
Bio mechanical, treat whatever SD
Respiratory circulatory, rib raising to help breathing pattern
Behavioral, avoid triggers

Question 28

1 reason for antibiotic prescription in Peds, what are the three most common pathogens involved, and what are 4 indications for antibiotics?

Answer 28

Acute Otitis media
Strep pneumonia, H influenza, and morax cat
Ear pain not resolving, less than 6 months, temp over 102.2 and not resolving, formula feeder

Question 29

Difference between infant and adult Eustachian tube angle?

Answer 29

Infant has a decreased tube angle