Pediatric Infectious Disease

Question 1

What are the top 3 infectious diseases in 2014? What is most concerning?

Answer 1

1. TB (most concerning is MDRTB)
2. Pertussis (ro=17)
3. Syphilis

Question 2

What is Ro?

Answer 2

of people that an infected person will spread the infection to

Question 3

HOw is varicella transmitted?

Answer 3

aerosolized, like small pox

easy to catch, high Ro

Question 4

What’s the deal with measles?

Answer 4

aerosolized transmission
Ro=18
incubation 7-14 days
Symptoms: high fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivits, KOPLIK spots

Question 5

What are possible complications that can arise from measles? Countermeasures?

Answer 5

Complications–>pneumonia, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, death
Countermeasures–>vaccination, Ig

Question 6

A previously healthy 5-month-old male infant was admitted to a Massachusetts hospital in November 1983 with progressive lethargy and loss of developmental milestones over 3 weeks, constipation for 12 days, and poor suck and feeding. He had been breast-fed, and bottled foods were added at the age of 3 months. On examination, the child was generally hypotonic with flaccid extremities, no head control, and no suck or Moro reflexes. He was alert, able to smile, and had no oculomotor weakness.
What does this child have?

Answer 6

food-borne botulism

shouldn’t give baby honey until they are 12 mo

Question 7

What is the incubation period of infant botulism? Symptoms? Possible complications?

Answer 7

incubation period 3-30 days
Sx: constipation, flat facial expression, weak suck/cry, decreased movement, breathing difficulties
Complications: resp failure/death

Question 8

What are the countermeasures for infant botulism?

Answer 8

no honey for infants!
breastfeeding
supportive care
BIGIV

Question 9

What is the pathogen that causes erysipelas? Transmission? Sx?

Answer 9

strep pyogenes
transmission: bacterial translocation into skin
Sx: sometimes preceding pharyngitis, trauma, pruritis, burning, tenderness, swelling, tracking red erythema

Question 10

What are the complications of erysipelas? Countermeasures?

Answer 10

Complications: abscess, thrombophlebitis
toxic shock syndrome
Countermeasures: hospitalization, IV antibiotic therapy, outpatient antibiotic, supportive care

Question 11

Why is it so important to treat Group A strep pharyngitis?

Answer 11

acute rheumatic fever

Question 12

What do you need to worry about with cat bites?

Answer 12

pasteurella

rabies

Question 13

What can be a driver of anxiety in a patient with asthma?

Answer 13

increased PaCO2