Pediatric Emergencies

Question 1

Why are children at higher risk from airway compromise?

Answer 1

Question 2

Signs of airway compromise?

Answer 2

Question 3

Airway Interventions?

Answer 3

Question 4

Signs of Respiratory Distress

Answer 4

Question 5

Breathing Interventions?

Answer 5

Question 6

Indications for emergency intubation?

Answer 6

Question 7

Signs of circulatory compromise?

Answer 7

Question 8

Circulation Interventions?

Answer 8

Question 9

Asses disability?

Answer 9

Question 10

Treatment of Acute Severe Asthma

Answer 10

Question 11

What is Status epilepticus?

Answer 11

Question 12

Complications of Status Epilepticus?

Answer 12

Question 13

Assessment of Status Epilecticus

Answer 13

Question 14

Acute management of Anaphylaxiis?

Answer 14

Question 15

Signs of Sepsis/ Management?

Answer 15

Question 16

Recognition of DKA?

• Glucose?
• Ketones?
• Acidosis?

Answer 16

Excessive thirst/drinking, increased urination (Polydipsia/polyuria)

Weight loss

Abdominal pain

Headaches, confusion, altered behaviour, mental state

Glucose in urine

Fast breathing

Question 17

Management of DKA?

Answer 17

Question 18

Complications of DKA?

Answer 18

Question 19

Red flags of DKA?

Answer 19

young age (less than 2 years old)

pH <7.1

Severe hypernatraemia, persistent vomiting

Excessive fluids given/long Hx of sugary fluids

Worsening despite following the guideline

Question 20

How much should a baby feed/gain weight?

Answer 20

Average weight gain 150-200g/week

General Minimum fluid requirement 150ml/kg/day

Question 21

Jack is 3 months of age and weighs 6kg. He has been brough to ED with three days of cough, coryza and reduced feeding. You think he has bronchiolitis. He is maintaining his O2 saturations but you are concerned he is at risk of dehydration. If his feeding is less than 50% of normal, Jack will meet criteria for inpatient admission.

When well Jack takes 5 oz of SMA every 4 hours.
For the last 24 hours Jack has taken 1oz of SMA every 2 hours.

Answer 21

Question 22

Assessment of dehydration

Answer 22

Behaviour/activity

Vitals – tachycardia or bradycardia

Hypotension – very late sign

Eyes – sunken, no tears

Skin – peripheries perfusion, warmth, turgor

Mucus membranes – dry

Fontanelle – normal or sunken

Question 23

How much IV fluid does a child need?

Answer 23

Typical maintenance fluid is 0.9% NaCl + 5% Dextrose