Pediatric dermatology

Question 1

infantile acne who?

Answer 1

infants 2-4 weeks of life

Question 2

appearance of infantile acne

Answer 2

usually pink/flesh colored, small papules, sometimes appear pustular or erythematous

Question 3

treatment infantile acne

Answer 3

reassurance maybe benzoyl peroxide wash daily if stubborn

Question 4

miliaria rubra (heat rash)

Answer 4

infants and adults- covered areas, flexural areas- caused by occlusion of sweat ducts.

Question 5

miliaria rubra appearance

Answer 5

2-4 mm papules/clear vesicles on erythematous base concern- can become secondarily infected with staph causing pustule formation.

Question 6

treatment miliaria rubra

Answer 6

symptomatic, parental education/reassurance, avoidance of over clothing and over heating

Question 7

milia

Answer 7

neonates, can appear on forehead, cheeks, nose (oral caivty called epsteins pearls) -due to superfical epithelial cysts

Question 8

appearance of milia

Answer 8

1-2 mm white papules-reassurance is treatment

Question 9

erythema toxicum

Answer 9

neonates in the first 2 days of life. appears on chest, back, face, proximal extremities. probably normal local immune response to new skin flora.

Question 10

appearance of erythema toxicum

Answer 10

1-4 mm central vesicle or pustule over large, blotchy erythematous base, generally clears on its own.

Question 11

caput succedaneum/cephalohematoma

Answer 11

neonates. appears on scalp. usually due to trauma/normal part of delivery.

Question 12

appearance caput

Answer 12

appears soft, sometimes mildly ecchymotic area, poorly defined.

Question 13

cephalohematoma appearance

Answer 13

similar but bounded by suture lines, more well defined and feels fluctuant

Question 14

concerns about caput/ ceph hematoma

Answer 14

can be source of hyperbiliruibinemia secondary cellultis of ceph hematoma is rare but can occur

Question 15

treatment of caput/ceph hematoma

Answer 15

monitor, should resolve in 7-10 days

Question 16

diaper rash

Answer 16

candidal involves intertriginous areas and irritant avoids them

Question 17

measles (rubeola)

Answer 17

starts on face, spreads to trunk and extremities.

Question 18

appearance of measles

Answer 18

initial 3-5 day prodrome, then starting on face, pts dev multiple blanchable, erythematous macules and papules that often coalesce. intense erythema of the mucus membranes and 1 mm white oral papules (koplik spots)prodromal sxs persist during rash

Question 19

rubella (german measles)

Answer 19

starts on face and spreads to trunk and proximal extremities, face and trunk clear and distal extremties are then involved

Question 20

appearance of rubella

Answer 20

during a mild viral illness often with tender LAD, sometimes a low grade fever, children dev a faint pink macular eruption that often does no coalesce, often associated with arthralgias, that can persist long after illness.

Question 21

concerns of rubella

Answer 21

infected ind. need to stay away from pregnant women due to risk in first trimester to fetus. treatment of rubella is symptomatic

Question 22

roseola

Answer 22

affects children under 2 y.o predominantly found on trunk

Question 23

roseola causes

Answer 23

hhv 6 or 7

Question 24

roseola appearance

Answer 24

after prodrome of high fever usually lasting 3-5 days, children dev faint blanchable pink maculopapules 2-3 mm in diameter which coalesce into larger plaques, usually starts on neck and works down to trunk, disappears 1-2 days without treatment.

Question 25

erythema infectiosum (fifths disease)

Answer 25

appears in school aged children more commonly in winter-spring.

Question 26

fifths disease appearance/location

Answer 26

after prodrome of mild viral sxs, rash starts as a bright red rash on the face “slapped cheek” and spreads to the proximal extensor surfaces and spreads symmetrically from there. typically spares the hands and feet. erythematous macular/papular eruption that coalesve into large plaques, has a lacy appearance on extremities.

Question 27

fifths disease cause

Answer 27

human parvovirus 19

Question 28

concern of fifths disease

Answer 28

avoid pregnant women and immunocompromised.

Question 29

coxsackievirus (hand foot mouth)

Answer 29

most common in kids under 10 but can occur in adolescents/young adults. outbreaks during warmer months and occurs every 3 years.

Question 30

hand foot mouth appearance

Answer 30

palms and soles of hands and feet, also oropharynx. painful erythematous ulcerated oral lesions, non painful 2-8 mm vesicular papules on palms and soles.