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Dental Boards part 2 > Pediatric Dentistry > Flashcards

Pediatric Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

Natal teeth may cause trauma during ___________ due to their location

A

Nursing

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2
Q

T/F: natal teeth are present within the first 30 days of birth

A

False. Neonatal teeth are.

Natal teeth are present at birth

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3
Q

Where are natal teeth commonly present?

A

Mandibular incisor region

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4
Q

Describe the physiologic appearance of natal and neonatal teeth

A

Hypo calcified enamel matrix

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5
Q

What class of tooth is not present in the primary dentition?

A

Bicuspid

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6
Q

What is the rule of 4?

A

4 teeth every 4 months starting with 4 teeth at 7 months

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7
Q

What is the order of eruption for the primary dentition?

A

Max incisors, lateral incisors, first molars, canines, second molars

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8
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary max central incisor? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 8 to 12 months
Exfoliation: 6 to 7 years

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9
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary max lateral incisor? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 9 to 13 months
Exfoliation: 7 to 8 years

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10
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary max canine? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 16 to 21 months
Exfoliation: 10 to 12 years

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11
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary max first molar? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 13 to 19 months
Exfoliation: 9 to 11 years

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12
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary max second molar? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 25 to 33 months
Exfoliation: 10 to 12 years

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13
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary mand central incisor? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 6 to 10 months
Exfoliation: 6 to 7 years

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14
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary mand lateral incisor? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 10 to 16 months
Exfoliation: 7 to 8 years

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15
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary mand canine? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 17 to 23 months
Exfoliation: 9 to 12 years

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16
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary mand first molar? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 14 to 18 months
Exfoliation: 9 to 11 years

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17
Q

What is the eruption time for a primary mand second molar? What about exfoliation time?

A

Eruption: 23 to 31 months
Exfoliation: 10 to 12 years

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18
Q

Which of the following is not characteristic of primary teeth?

a) Uniform enamel thickness of 1 mm occlusally
b) Short crowns
c) Lack of buccal and lingual cervical ridges
d) Shallow anatomy
e) Prominent mesial cervical ridge

A

c) EXAGGERATED buccal and lingual cervical ridges

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19
Q

Does a primary mandibular first molar have a central fossa?

A

Nope

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20
Q

Which primary tooth is known to “resemble no other teeth”?

A

Primary mandibular first molar

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21
Q

Which of the following is not characteristic of a primary mandibular first molar?

a) Largest/longest = distal
b) Wide mesial distally with a pronounced cervical ridge
c) Mesial marginal ridge (MMR) = cusp
d) Big MB cervical ridge
e) Difficult class II preparation

A

a) Largest/longest = MESIAL

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22
Q

What is the eruption sequence for the permanent maxillary dentition?

A

1st molar -> CI -> LI -> 1st PM -> 2nd PM -> K9 -> 2nd M -> 3rd M
How to remember that K9 is later -> “MAX the K9 is always late”

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23
Q

What is the eruption sequence for the permanent mandibular dentition

A

1st molar -> CI -> LI -> K9 -> 1st PM -> 2nd PM -> 2nd M -> 3rd M

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24
Q

When a child is 11-12 years old, which teeth do you expect to erupt?

A

Max K9s

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25
Q

When a child is 6 - 7 years old, which teeth do you expect to erupt?

A

All first molars

Mn CIs

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26
Q

When a child is 7 to 8 years old, which teeth do you expect to erupt?

A

Mx CIs

Mn LI

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27
Q

When a child is 8 to 9 years old, which teeth do you expect to erupt?

A

Mx LIs

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28
Q

When do you expect all 2nd molars to erupt?

A

11 to 13 years old

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29
Q

When do you expect all 3rd molars to erupt?

A

17 to 21 years old

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30
Q

When do you expect the mandibular K9s to erupt?

A

9 to 10 years old

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31
Q

When do you expect all premolars to erupt?

A

10 to 12 years old

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32
Q

When do you expect the maxillary K9s to erupt?

A

11 to 12 years

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33
Q

What is class II malocclusion called?

A

Distocclusion

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34
Q

What is a normal molar relationship in neutrocclusion (Class I)?

A

Mx first molar MB cusp -> Mn first molar buccal groove

35
Q

What is the molar relationship in distocclusion (Class II)?

A

Mn first molar buccal groove is DISTAL to Mx first molar MB cusp

36
Q

What is the molar relationship in mesiocclusion (Class III)?

A

Mn first molar buccal groove is MESIAL to Mx first molar MB cusp

37
Q

What is the normal canine relationship in neutrocclusion (Class I)?

A

Mx canine -> Distal

Mn canine and mesial MN first PM

38
Q

What is the canine relationship in distocclusion (Class II)?

A

Distal surface of Mn canine is distal to the mesial of Mx canine

39
Q

What is the canine relationship in mesiocclusion (Class III)?

A

Distal surface of Mn canine is mesial to the mesial of Mx canine

40
Q

Which class of occlusion is also known as prognathic?

a) Class I - Neutrocclusion
b) Class II - Distocclusion
c) Class III - Mesiocclusion

A

Class III - Mesiocclusion

41
Q

Which class of occlusion is also known as Retrognathic?

a) Class I - Neutrocclusion
b) Class II - Distocclusion
c) Class III - Mesiocclusion

A

Class II - Distocclusion

42
Q

Which class of occlusion is also known as Mesognathic?

a) Class I - Neutrocclusion
b) Class II - Distocclusion
c) Class III - Mesiocclusion

A

Class I - Neutrocclusion

43
Q

Which class of occlusion has 2 different divisions? What are they?

a) Class I - Neutrocclusion
b) Class II - Distocclusion
c) Class III - Mesiocclusion

A

Class II - Distocclusion
Div I: Mx teeth in labioversion/overjet
Div II: Linguoversion of Mn teeth

44
Q

What is an end-to-end bite?

A

Cusp-to-cusp occlusion of posterior teeth

45
Q

What is the term for failure of maxillary and mandibular teeth to occlude?

A

Open bite

46
Q

What is the term for when maxillary incisors are positioned lingually against mandibular incisors in occlusion?

A

Anterior crossbite

47
Q

What is the term for when primary or permanent maxillary teeth are occluded lingually to the opposing mandibular teeth?

A

Posterior crossbite

48
Q

What is an edge-to-edge bite?

A

Incisal edges of maxillary and mandibular teeth meet

49
Q

T/F: After 6 months of age, fluoride can be effective in primary preventive procedures

A

True

50
Q

T/F: Home fluoride programs using fluoride mouth rinses or brush-on fluoride gels should be recommended for use by school-aged children

A

False. Only those at high risk for caries

51
Q

At what level of fluoridation does the Food and Nutrition Board recommend public water supplies be fluoridated?

A

when levels are significantly below 0.7 mg/L

52
Q

When enzyme is inhibited when fluorine intake is at 20-40 mg/day? Why is this enzyme important?

A

Phosphatase. It’s important because it’s needed for calcium utilization/metabolism in tissues including bones and teeth

53
Q

T/F: Fluorine intake of 20-40 mg/day can cause heart burn and pains in the extremeties

A

False. 40-70 mg/day. 20-40 mg/day inhibits phosphatase needed for calcium utilization/metabolism

54
Q

Can topical fluoride cause fluorosis?

A

No

55
Q

Where is fluoride deposition most concentrated in teeth?

A

Outermost layer of enamel

56
Q

Which surfaces of teeth benefit the most from fluoride?

A

Proximal and smooth surfaces

57
Q

At what stage of tooth development does fluoride have a cariostatic effect?

A

Calcification stage

58
Q

Does fluoride increase or decrease the solubility of enamel?

A

Decreases

59
Q

What does fluoride convert hydroxyapatite to?

A

Fluorapatite

60
Q

What is the adult lethal dose of fluoride toxicity? What about child lethal dose?

A

Adult: 4-5 g
Child: 15 mg/kg

61
Q

What is another term for “mottled enamel”?

A

Fluorosis

62
Q

How do calcium binding products like milk of mangesia help with fluoride toxicity?

A

lower acidity of stomach to create insoluble complexes with fluoride that decrease absorption

63
Q

What are lobes with respect to odontogenic development?

A

Primary centers of ossification of the tooth

64
Q

Lobes are separated by __________ in posterior teeth

A

Developmental Grooves

65
Q

Lobes are separated by _____________ in anterior teeth

A

Developmental depressions

66
Q

All anterior teeth have how many lobes?

A

4 lobes. 3 labial and 1 cingulum

67
Q

Which premolar does not have 4 lobes?

A

Mn 2nd PM -> has 3 buccal and 2 lingual

68
Q

Which molar does not have 4 lobes?

A

1st molar -> 5 lobes

69
Q

In the chonological order of tooth histiogenesis, what gets deposited first, enamel or dentin?

A

Dentin.

1) Ectomesenchyme influences downgrowth of oral epithelium -> tooth germ
2) Elongation of inner enamel epithelial cells of enamel organ
3) Differentiation of odontoblasts
4) Deposition of the 1st layer of dentin
5) Deposition of the 1st layer of enamel
6) Deposition of root dentin and cementum

70
Q

What is the term for when one tooth bud splits?

A

Gemination: two crowns on a single root

Usually in incisor region

71
Q

What is one way to tell between fusion and gemination?

A

If the tooth count if reduced, it is fusion. If the tooth count is normal, it is gemination

72
Q

Which type of odontogenic pathology appears as a macrodont (large crown)?

a) Fusion
b) Gemination
c) Concrescence

A

a) Fusion

73
Q

Which type of odontogenic pathology appears with cementum contact?

a) Fusion
b) Gemination
c) Concrescence

A

c) Concrescence

74
Q

Which of the following is a physiologic wearing away of tooth structure?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

a) Attrition

75
Q

Bruxism is an example of:

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

a) Attrition

76
Q

Which often presents as flattened incisal edges?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

a) Attrition

77
Q

Which is a pathologic wearing away of tooth structure due to mechanical forces?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

b) Abrasion

78
Q

Which is a chemical loss of tooth structure?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

c) Erosion

79
Q

Which presents with a V-shaped ditch on the affected surfaces of teeth?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

b) Abrasion

80
Q

Which presents with eroded teeth that display a shallow smooth scooped-out depression?

a) Attrition
b) Abrasion
c) Erosion

A

c) Erosion

81
Q

What is the difference between enamel hypocalcification and enamel hypoplasia?

A

Enamel hypocalcification is normal quantity but bad quality while enamel hypoplasia is normal quality but deficient quantity of enamel

82
Q

Which is seen in children with hypoparathyroidism?

a) Enamel Hypocalcification
b) Enamel Hypoplasia

A

b) Enamel Hypoplasia

83
Q

Which is characterized by defective maturation of ameloblasts?

a) Enamel Hypocalcification
b) Enamel Hypoplasia

A

a) Enamel Hypocalcification

84
Q

Which is characterized by defective enamel matrix formation?

a) Enamel Hypocalcification
b) Enamel Hypoplasia

A

b) Enamel Hypoplasia

Dental Boards part 2 (4 decks)

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