Pediatric Brain Tumors Flashcards
What is the most common genetic mutation found in diffuse midline gliomas?
H3K27 mutations
What are the biphasic age peaks for high grade hemispheric gliomas?
Infancy (infantile hemispheric gliomas) and adolescence
What gene mutation is most common in infantile/congenital hemispheric gliomas?
NTREK fusion
Which mutation is most commonly associated with adolescent onset hemispheric gliomas?
H3G34R or H3G34V
True or false: pediatric high grade gliomas are more responsive to temozolimide than adult high grade gliomas
False. Several studies have shown poor responsiveness and little survival benefit in pediatric patients while there is some efficacy in adults
Continuum audio 2020 neuro onc pediatric brain tumors
What is the most common genetic mutation in low grade pediatric gliomas?
BRAF fusion (75% pilocytic astrocytomas)
What are the most common chemotherapy agents used for progressing low grade gliomas?
Carboplatin and vincristine
MEK inhibitors
What are the most common posterior fossa tumors?
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Ependymoma
Medulloblastoma
What is the imaging hallmark of pilocytic astrocytoma?
cysts with mural nodules
What is a feature of medulloblastoma on imaging that helps differentiate it from pilocytic astrocytoma?
Restricted diffusion
Continuum audio 2020 neuro onc pediatric brain tumors
What are the 4 main molecular categories of medulloblastoma?
WNT
SHH
Group C (CMYK)
Group D
What are the two main subtypes of posterior fossa ependymomas?
Posterior fossa a (more aggressive)
Posterior fossa b (less aggressive)
What are some common presenting findings of germ cell tumors?
Develop from midline tissues, derived from migrated germ cells in midline
Commonly supracellar or pineal
Male predominance
Endocrine issues
Most common locations of choroid plexus papillomas
Lateral ventricle kids
4th ventricle adults
WHO grade choroid plexus papilloma
WHO 1
