Pediatric ABD & Kidneys

Question 1

Intussusception

Answer 1

Occurs when the bowel prolapses into more distal bowel and is propelled in an ANTE-GRADE fashion

Question 2

Condition caused by A difficult delivery, large size baby

Answer 2

Adrenal hemorrhage

Question 3

Malignant renal tumor seen in children 1-6yrs

Answer 3

Wilm’s tumor (Nephroblastoma)

Question 4

Appendicitis on ultrasound

Answer 4

At the RLQ (McBurney’s Point)- appendix is seen as >6mm, non-compressible, with a fingerlike appearance

Question 5

Hypertrophied pyloric stenosis EXAM PROTOCOL
(HPSO)
(Pyloric stenosis)

Answer 5

Scan RUQ
Measure
Drink & document flow

Question 6

Symptoms of;
CURRENT JELLY STOOLS, Colicky and pain, vomiting, bloody stools
Are indicative of what condition?

Answer 6

Intussusception

Question 7

Intussusception;

Ultrasound findings in short axis view

Answer 7

Cinnamon bun

Several Alternating hypo/hyperechoic rings, target sign surrounding an echogenic center(5 rings is normal bowel)

Question 8

Hypertrophied pyloric stenosis SYMPTOMS & PATIENT TYPE
(HPSO)
(Pyloric stenosis)

Answer 8

Projectile Vomiting
Weight loss
A palpable abdominal mass

Most common in male infants 3-6 wks of age

Question 9

How is intussusception treated?

Answer 9

Barium enema = no fever is present and WBC are WNL

Surgical intervention = Fever present and elevated WBC

Question 10

Ectopic Ureterocele

Answer 10

Benign issue
Ureter will be stenotic causing ballooning into bladder
More common in females (left side)

Question 11

Renal tumor that is a precursor to Wilm’s tumor and is found in children >1yr

Answer 11

Nephroblastomatosis

Question 12

A condition that is GENETIC and non-congruent to fetus life. Bilateral multiple renal cysts

Answer 12

Autosomal-recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)

Question 13

Normal Neonate Kidney

1. Pyramids
2. Cortex
3. Sinus

Answer 13

1. Pyramids are large and hypoechoic/anechoic
2. Cortex thin and smaller normal liver parenchyma
3. Sinus less prominent/obvious

Question 14

You see anechoic mass near adrenal mass in neonate – What is the most likely dx?

Answer 14

adrenal hemorrhage

Question 15

Most common benign renal tumor of the neonate & infant seen in children <1yr

Answer 15

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma

Question 16

Pediatric ABD & kidney Patient prep

Answer 16

Exam prep
o Not the same prep for child (i.e. adults will be NPO 8 hr child will not)
o Scan bladder first, scan kidney prone

Question 17

Nephroblastomatosis

Answer 17

Renal tumor that is a precursor to Wilm’s tumor and is found in children >1yr

Question 18

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma

Answer 18

Most common benign renal tumor of the neonate & infant seen in children <1yr

Question 19

Occurs when the bowel prolapses into more distal bowel and is propelled in an ANTE-GRADE fashion

Answer 19

Intussusception

Question 20

Wilm’s tumor (Nephroblastoma)

Answer 20

Malignant renal tumor seen in children 1-6yrs

Question 21

Hypertrophied pyloric stenosis INDICATIONS
(HPSO)
(Pyloric stenosis)

Answer 21

Pylorus has 2 parts
-Antrum-&-Canal-

1. Single pyloric muscle thickness >3mm
2. A pyloric canal length >12-15mm
3. A cross section of the entire pyloric muscle >13-15mm

Question 22

Condition that is categorized as congenital and effects a unilateral kidney of the neonate and appears as multiple simple cyst on the non-functioning kidney

Answer 22

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

MCDK