Pediatric Flashcards
Most illnesses in school aged Children are caused by?
Viral infections
What are the typical characteristics of an adolescent child?
Fear of alteration of image or separation of peer group
What is the normal heart rate for an infant?
About 100
What is the normal heart rate for a toddler?
80
In stable children, the first phase of assessment is?
Transitional
What are the signs and symptoms of croup?
Virus, slow onset, drooling possible but swallowing is present, and low grade fever
What is the most common age limit for croup?
3 months to 3 years
Croup is most common when?
Winter months
What are the symptoms of epiglottis?
Fever, bacterial infection, sudden onset.
What is the age range for epiglotitis?
3 years to 7 years
Asthma is common in children over _______ of age.
18 months
What are the characteristics of an infant?
Fear of separation and strangers
Bronchiolitis is common in children less than ___ of age.
18 months
Septic shock in pediatrics is most commonly caused by?
Bacterial infections
What is the amount given for fluid resuscitation in children less than one month of age?
10 ml/kg
What is the amount given for fluid resuscitation in children older than one month of age?
20 ml/kg
What score in the pediatric patient is considered low blood sugar?
40
What are the steps of the pediatric chain of survival?
Prevent, CPR, call for help, ALS
What are the most common causes of injuries to children?
Trauma and motor vehicle
What are the symptoms of head and neck injuries in infants?
Bulging fontanelles along with Cushing signs
What is the mnemonic used for troubleshooting patients on special equipment?
DOPE
What is the first level on the inverted pyramid for pediatrics?
POSITIONING!!
Warm, dry, stimulate, suction
What is the second level of the inverted pyramid for pediatrics?
Oxygen by basic methods
What is the third level of the inverted pyramid for pediatrics?
Oxygen delivery via advanced methods
What is the fourth level of the inverted pyramid for pediatrics?
Compressions
What is the 5th level of the inverted pyramid for pediatrics?
Drugs
If heart rate in the pediatric patient is less than 60, start?
CPR
If heart rate is greater than 60 but less than 100 in the pediatric patient what should be done?
60 seconds on O2 therapy
What is the federally funded program aimed at improving the health of pediatric patients who suffer from life-threatening illness and injuries?
Emergency medical services for children
APGAR scoring occurs when?
First minute and fifth minute
What age range is considered to be neonate?
Birth to 1 month
What is the age range for an infant?
1-12 months
What is the age range for a toddler?
1-3 years
What age range is considered a preschooler?
3-5 years
What is bronciolitis?
When a child less than 2 years of age is showing asthma like symptoms
Febrile seizures are less likely to happen once children reach ____ years of age.
5
What is the smallest part of a child’s airway?
Cricoid cartilage ring
Starlings reflex does not develop until between ____ and ____ years of age.
6 and 8
In a pediatric experiencing shock, heart rate _____.
Increases
What are some signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient?
Altered mental status, flared nostrils, stridor on inspiration (barking), wheezing
A heart rate less than 70 plus age x 2 in the pediatric patient indicates?
Hypotension
What is the transitional phase with the pediatric patient?
Allow patients to become familiar with you and your equipment
Suctioning of a pediatric should be limited to how many mmHg?
100
What are the two main reasons for a pediatric patient goes into cardiopulmonary arrest?
Shock, respiratory failure
Shortest IO is used for a patient weighing?
3-39kg
What is the pediatric dose for atropine?
.02mg/kg
What is the pediatric dose for adenosine?
.1mg/kg
What is the pediatric dose for epinephrine 1:10,000?
.01mg/kg
What is the pediatric dose for amiodarone?
5mg/kg
What is the pediatric dose for Narcan?
.1mg/kg
What are the two main upper airway diseases found in the pediatric patient?
Croup
Epiglotitis
What are the two main lower airway distresses found in the pediatric patient?
Asthma
Bronchiolitis
What is the most common reason EMS may be called on to respond to children with tracheostomies?
Obstruction of the tube
What is cystic fibrosis?
Hereditary disorder
Body secretes thick mucus
What can help cystic fibrosis?
Percussion of chest/back
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
Brittle bone disease
Loose joints, respiratory problems, easy bruising, thin smooth skin, and early hearing loss are symptoms of?
Osteogenesis imperfecta
What group of disorders affect movement and balance resulting from damage or poor development of parts of the brain?
Cerebral palsy
What is spasticity?
Certain muscles continually contracted
Interferes with movement, speech, manor of walking
