pedia 2

Question 1

Excess of CSF in the ventricles or the
subarachnoid space

Answer 1

hydrocephalus

Question 2

2 types of hydrocephalus

Answer 2

1. Communicating
   Hydrocephalus/Extraventricular
   hydrocephalus
2. Obstructive Hydrocepahlus/
   Intraventricular Hydrocephalus

Question 3

If fluid reaches the spinal cord

Answer 3

Communicating
Hydrocephalus/Extraventricular
hydrocephalus

Question 4

Block to the passage of CSF

Answer 4

Obstructive Hydrocepahlus/
Intraventricular Hydrocephalus

Question 5

foramina of
Magendie and Luschka

Answer 5

sylvius

Question 6

HYDROCEPHALUS * Assessment:

Answer 6

sunset eyes
shill cry
enlarged fontanelles
bossing of forehead
lethargy or irritability
increased ICP

Question 7

Holding a bright light
such as flashlight
against the skull with
the child in a darkened
room

Answer 7

transillumination

Question 8

HYDROCEPHALUS * Assessment

Answer 8

skull xray
transilluminator
Introduction of dye on the
ventricles through the
anterior fontanelle

Question 9

spina bifida

Answer 9

divided spine

Question 10

s most often used as a collective
term for all spinal cord disorders, but
there are well-defined degrees of spina
bifida involvement

Answer 10

NEURAL TUBE
DISORDERS

Question 11

is absence of the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 11

anencephaly

Question 12

It occurs when the upper end of the neural
tube fails to close in early intrauterine life

Answer 12

anencephaly

Question 13

Brain growth is so slow that it falls more
than three standard deviations below
normal on growth charts

Answer 13

microcephaly

Question 14

• Cause might be a disorder in brain
  development associated with an
  intrauterine infection such as

Answer 14

rubella, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis

Question 15

Microcephaly may also result from

Answer 15

severe malnutrition and anoxia

Question 16

occurs when the posterior laminae
of the vertebrae fail to fuse

Answer 16

spina bifida occulta

Question 17

spina bifida occurs commonly at

Answer 17

fifth lumbar or first sacral level

Question 18

• Meninges covering the spinal cord
  herniate through unformed
  vertebrae

Answer 18

meningocele

Question 19

3 types of spina bifida

Answer 19

1. occulta
2. meningocele
3. myelomeningocele

Question 20

the least serious and most common type of spina bifida. Discovered by xray or scans.

Answer 20

spinabifida occulta

Question 21

The coverings of the spinal cord pass back thru the opening in the spine to form a cyst like swelling

Answer 21

meningocele

Question 22

if the spinal cord is enclosed in the cyst the condition is

Answer 22

myelomeningocele

Question 23

Cranial meningocele or
myelomeningocele

Answer 23

ENCEPHALOCELE

Question 24

Occurs most often in the occipital
area of the skull but may occur as

Answer 24

nasal or nasopharyngeal disorder

Question 25

Encephaloceles generally are covered fully by skin, but they may be open or covered only by

Answer 25

THE DURA

Question 26

Overgrowth of the neural tube in weeks 16 to 20 of fetal life

Answer 26

ARNOLD-CHIARI DISORDER (CHIARI II MALFORMATION

Question 27

The specific anomaly is a projection of the cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and fourth ventricle into the cervical canal

Answer 27

ARNOLD-CHIARI DISORDER (CHIARI II MALFORMATION