Pedi Test 3 Flashcards
The ability to discriminate letters or other objects.
visual acuity
What is the visual acuity of a neonate?
20/100 and 20/400
What is the shape of a neonate’s eye compared to an adult?
more spherical
What can the neonate’s vision not accommodate to?
near and far objects
What is the distance that the neonate can best see?
8 inches or 20 cm away
At what month should the eyes be aligned and coordinated?
3 months
Involuntary rapid eye movement.
nystagmus
Momentary turning inward of eyes.
esotropia
Is nystagmus and esotropia normal at birth?
yes
When should nystagmus and esotropia normally fade by?
first few months of life
Why do neonates have uncoordinated binoclear vision at birth?
their rectus muscles are completely formed
What is a result of trauma during birth on the eyes and usually improves gradually with no lasting effects?
conjunctival and retinal hemorrhages
What is examined in children because it is a key method for identifying the presence of retinoblastoma?
red reflex
What are some eye conditions common to premature neonates?
- strabismus
- retinopathy
- refractive errors
- color identification deficits
In the infant and young child, what occupies a larger portion of the orbit than in the adult?
cornea
How big is the eyeball of a neonate compared to an adult?
3/4 the size
How does the sclera of the neonate appear?
thin and translucent with a bluish tinge
What colors are the iris’ of the neonate?
blue and gray
At what month does eye color change?
6 months
Why don’t infants produce tears?
the lacrimal system drains them efficiently into the nasal cavity
What is a 2-3 year old’s visual acuity?
20/50
What is a 6-7 year old’s visual acuity?
20/20
What are the visual milestones of a term neonate?
- demonstrates alertness to light and visual stimulus presented 8-12 inches from the eyes
What are the visual milestones of a 1 month old?
- follows an object 60 degrees horizontally and 30 degrees vertically
- blinks at an approaching object