PEDD 'How TriNav Works"

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of the TriNav?
a. Increasing the pressure gradient between the catheter tip and tumor
b. Promoting higher tumor:normal distribution
c. Ensuring complete homogenous tumor coverage with Y90 particles
d. Protection of normal tissue by minimizing risks of non-target embolization

Answer 1

c. Ensuring complete homogenous tumor coverage with Y90 particles

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the SmartValve?
a. Does allow for contrast to reflux back
b. Expands during diastole to prevent particle reflux
c. Expands during systole to prevent particle reflux
d. All of the above

Answer 2

b. Expands during diastole to prevent particle reflux

Question 3

Which of the following is false, in regard to the function of the SmartValve?
a. Works in concert with the cardiac cycle
b. Promotes creation of turbulent arterial flow
c. Occludes only 20-30% of blood flow when in the vessel
d. Reduces risks of antegrade and retrograde misembolization

Answer 3

c. Occludes only 70-80% of blood flow when in the vessel

Question 4

Which of the following has been correlated with improved survival?
a. The use of Y90 TARE before TACE in HCC patients
b. Combined use of Y90 TARE with checkpoint inhibition
c. Complete response to first TACE in patients with HCC
d. cTACE versus DEB-TACE

Answer 4

c. Complete response to first TACE in patients with HCC

Question 5

Which of the following are the two major components of elevated intra-tumoral pressure?
a. MDSC and T cells
b. NK and T cells
c. Solid stress and Interstitial fluid pressure
d. Collagen and fibrin

Answer 5

c. Solid stress and Interstitial fluid pressure

Question 6

When pressure at the target site and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the selected hepatic artery branch are equal, what occurs?
a. Distal flow accelerates
b. Stasis due to absence of a pressure gradient
c. Reflux
d. Vasospasm

Answer 6

b. Stasis due to absence of a pressure gradient

Question 7

Which study indicates PEDD is clinically proven to protect healthy tissue?
a. Kim study
b. d’Abadie study
c. Titano study
d. Pasciak study
e. B and D

Answer 7

e. B and D

Question 8

The length of time during and after treatment of a disease that the patient lives with the disease but it does not get worse is known as
a. Time to tumor progression (TTP)
b. Overall survival (OS)
c. Disease control
d. Progression-free survival (PFS)

Answer 8

d. Progression-free survival (PFS)

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the TriNav?
a. Trackable
b. Self-Centering catheter tip
c. Cessation of forward blood flow
d. One way intermittently occlusive valve

Answer 9

c. Cessation of forward blood flow

Question 10

Which is not a function of SmartValve Technology?
a. Self-center in vessel
b. Physically and atraumatically neutralize vascular pressure at the target location close to tumor
c. Work in sync with the cardiac cycle
d. Preserve up to 30% of forward blood flow with a pulsative response

Answer 10

d. Preserve up to 30% of forward blood flow with a pulsative response

Question 11

What best described the mechanism of action for PEDD?
a. Reflux protection and limitation of forward flow
b. Modulation of intravascular pressure and flow, with reflex protection and particle mixing with blood due to creation of turbulence
c. Vascular isolation of the liver, with improved delivery pressure and enhanced flow velocity
d. Inhibition of vessel smooth muscle contraction to prevent vasospasm

Answer 11

b. Modulation of intravascular pressure and flow, with reflex protection and particle mixing with blood due to creation of turbulence

Question 12

A traditional microcatheters ability to drive therapeutic embolic particles into the liver tumor vascular bed is impacted by the inability to:
a. Increase venous pressure in the tumor vascular bed
b. Lower mean arterial Pressure (MAP) in the aorta
c. Track successfully to the target location
d. Modify the pressure gradient between the catheter tip and target tissue

Answer 12

d. Modify the pressure gradient between the catheter tip and target tissue

Question 13

How does TriNav improve distribution?

Answer 13

There are 3 main factors that contribute to how the TriNav can improve distribution:​

The SmartValve self-centers in the vessel to promote consistent and repeatable particle distribution​

The SmartValve creates turbulent flow which promotes particle mixing downstream​

The SmartValve causes a pressure gradient change which increases flow to the tumor​