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Ped Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

LOOK ,play listen

A

Can the patient make eye contact
Are their facial features symmetrical

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2
Q

Look, PLAY, listen

A

Can the child interact with you? Is play appropriate?

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3
Q

Look, Play, LISTEN

A

How clear is their articulation? Is language appropriate?

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4
Q

A thoughough case history includes….

A

Medical history, family history, birth history

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5
Q

What does the APGAR Score assess?

A

Heart rate, respitory effort, refelx irritability, color, muscle tone

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6
Q

What is the number one cause of non genetic hearing loss?

A

CMV

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7
Q

You can get CMV from__?

A

saliva and urine

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8
Q

When diagnosing hearing loss what team of people do you want to have?

A

ENT, PCP, Gentic counselor, SLP, developmental specialist

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9
Q

3 grades of microtia

A

1- normal apperance but small
2- pinna and ossicles are underdevleoped
3- absence of pinna or middle ear structures

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10
Q

Informational Counseling

A

Explains the results and it is often one way

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11
Q

Personal Adjustment Counseling

A

Open conversation, let the person know that their feelings are heard,

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12
Q

Grief cycle

A

Shock, Denial, Anger/guilt, mourning, acceptance, action

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13
Q

3 domains of development

A

social/emotional- reasoning/understanding, cognitive- thought processes, physical- brain development

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14
Q

Symbolic Play

A

18 months using a banana as phone

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15
Q

How do infants communication before language?

A

coo and crying

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16
Q

Language Spurt occurs at what age

A

18 months

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17
Q

How much % of learning is incidental learning?

A

95%

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18
Q

Reflexive vs voluntary responses

A

reflexive- natually responding voluntary- looking for the sound and responding

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19
Q

Differences between adult and child ears

A

Pars flaccida is thicker in children, ossciles are not formed properly in children, children have a smaller ECV, change in tonotopic organization in first 6 months.

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20
Q

Habituation

A

When the baby doesnt respond because it is no longer new

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21
Q

When can babies localize from side to side?

A

4-7 months

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22
Q

Why use behavioral observation?

A

history of prematurity, did not get NHS, cried through ABR

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23
Q

At what age if you catch a child with hearing loss will they develop their language milestones

A

6 months

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24
Q

3 major components of EDHI

A

UNHS, Followup with diagnostic information and enrollment in early intervention.

25
1,3,6
screen by 1 month, complete AE by 3 months, intervention by 6 months
26
ANSD testing results
absent OAE/Tymp but normal ABR
27
Sensitivity
ability to identify someone who has the condition
28
Specificity
ability to identify someone without the condition.
29
What is the purpose of newborn hearing screenings
to detect a HL not assess HL
30
Why do you need a newborn hearing screening?
You are going to target the NICU babies but you will miss the well babies if you do not have universal hearing screening
31
Differnce between JCIH 2019 and 2007
2019 (October) Released 1-2-3 timeline, risk factors change, protocol changes for follow-up of ABR reg nursery, supportive services 2007 (2013 supplement): inclusion of ANSD; separate protocols for NICU and well-baby; diagnostic assessment by 24-30 months for at-risk babies
32
Pros and Cons of OAEs
PRO- faster, equiptment is easier/readily available CON- Suseptible to noise and obstructions
33
Pros and Cons of ABR
PRO- Less susceptible to transient conducive obstructions. CON-Supplies are more expensive Slower More susceptible to electric noise.
34
What can you conclude from a pass result
Hearing thresholds are within 30 dB of normal (rule out anything greater than a mild hearing loss).
35
What can you conclude from a refer result
Diagnostic test is needed to rule out permanent (sensorineural) hearing loss.
36
Benefits of two screenings
referal percentages are lower
37
What is the goal of counseling?
to guide parents into making practical decisions for thier child to help them cope with the hearing loss
38
5 Reasons why you want to take a case history
Complete picture of medical or family history Helps develop diagnositic impression Helps plan for auditory remediation Helps make appropriate referrals Need to have good understanding of normal auditory function and any disorders
39
Vestibular common problems in peds
not holding head up, not crawling or walking, migranes
40
Acquired vs congetial HL and examples
aquired- due to a cause (head trauma, menigitus, ear infections) congenital- from birth (syndromes)
41
Fast mapping
the process of rapidly learning a new word simply from the contrastive use of a familiar word and an unfamiliar word "celedon block" instead of "blue block"
42
What is the gold standard for ped testing?
Case history, otoscopy, AC/BC hearing thresholds, speech perception
43
What age is good for VRA and BOA
9mon-2.5 yr
43
What age is good for CPA
2.5- 4yr
44
When do babies begin to turn their head directly toward the side of a signal at 40-50 dB SPL?
4-7 mon
45
Freq resolution in babies
3 months at 500 Hz and 1000 Hz Later at 4000; but sooner than intensity
46
Gap detection in babies
Matures by 6 years
47
Response levels as a function of age
Startle response for white noise ~105 dB SPL Startle response to speech occurs at lower levels (~85 dB SPL)
48
What type of VRA reinforcer gets the most amount of responses?
complex visual reinforcement
49
What can help habituation?
Limiting the amount of time a child is exposed to the reinforcer can increase the number of responses obtained before habituation
50
Can filterd sound effects be used in place of pure tones?
Yes
51
Limitations to unconditioned BOA
habituation can occur quicker biased observers response depends on infant state
52
Steps before ped assessment
determine cognitive age through case history, evaluate physical status, choose the test room setup
53
What is the goal of speech audiometry?
obtain as much as we can about a childs speech perception abilities
54
What are the four response tasks to assess performance?
detection, discrimination, identification, comprehension,
55
What levels must you test speech at ?
35 and 50
56
Pos predictive value and neg predictive value
Positive predictive value: percentage of failed cases that are found with a diagnostic evaluation to have hearing loss. Negative predictive value: percentage of passed cases that are found with a diagnostic evaluation to have normal hearing.
57
If a baby fails a NBHS, when do you want them to come back?
At least 1 month or before they leave hospital

Pediatrics (5 decks)

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