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Pediatrics > Milestone Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Milestone Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

prenatal period

A

from conception to birth

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2
Q

infancy and toddlerhood

A

birth to 2 years

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3
Q

Early Childhood

A

2-6 years

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4
Q

Middle Childhood

A

6-12 years old

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5
Q

Adolescence

A

12-19 years old

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6
Q

Physical Domain

A

body size, proportions, appearance, brain and motor development, heath

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7
Q

Cognitive Domain

A

thought processes and intellectual abilities, including attention, memory

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8
Q

Social/Emotional Domain

A

self-knowledge, reasoning, understanding, expression of emotions, temperment, friendships

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9
Q

How do we develop the ability to communicate?

A

cognitive, auditory, language

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10
Q

3 Components to Cognitive Development Theory

A
  1. Schemas
  2. Adaptation
    3.Stages of Cog. Development
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11
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

birth-2 years

  • infants use their senses and motor abilities to understand the world
  • main achievement is object permanence (ability to know object is there even if it is hidden)
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12
Q

Preoperational Stage

A

2-7 years
- children can think about things symbolically, ability to make one thing ( a word or object) stand for something other than itself.

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13
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

7-11 years
- marks the beginning of logical thought; children able to work things out internally in their heads

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14
Q

Formal Operational Stage

A

12 and up
- develop the ability to think about abstract concepts and logically test hypotheses

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15
Q

Symbolic Play

A

18 months
- ability of children to use objects that represent other objects, actions, or ideas as play.
- There is a high degree of relationship between symbolic play and language development.

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16
Q

What is Language?

A

A system that relates sounds or gestures to meaning.
Expressed through speech, writing, and gesture

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17
Q

5 Distinct Elements to Language

A
  1. Phonology
  2. Morphology
  3. Syntax
  4. Semantics
  5. Pragmatics
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18
Q

Phonemes

A

building blocks of language; smallest units of sound that make up a lnaguage

19
Q

T or F: the sound of the human voice is fascinating to infants

A

True

20
Q

T or F: children around the world do not have the same early development

A

False; they do have the same early development

21
Q

Prelinguistic Stage

A

First year of a child’s life is a pre speech stage

22
Q

Early Prelinguistic Stage

A

Developmental aspects of speech/language include development of gestures, eye contact, cooing and babbling

23
Q

Later Prelinguistic Stage

A

One word uttterances develop which have meaning in context and by use of non verbal cues

24
Q

Early Word Combinations/ Two Word Utterances

A

18 months
Usually sentences comprise of a noun or a verb plus modifier (Ex: doggy big or Where ball?)

25
Q

Multiword Combinations/ Sentences

A

2-2.5 years
Child forms sentences with a subject and a predicate and use grammatical morphemes in the form of prefixes or suffixes when changing meanings or tenses (Ex: Doggy is big)

26
Q

More Complex Grammatical Structures

A

2.5-3 years
Use of more intricate and comple x grammatical structures, elements are added (conjunctions), embedded and permuted within sentences. Ex: I Can’t Play

27
Q

Adult Like Language

A

By 5 years old
Complex structural distinctions can now be made such as by using ask and tell and changing word order in a sentence accordingly Ex: “Ask her what time it is”

28
Q

When do children start using gestures?

A

Before their 1st Bday

29
Q

What is speech?

A
  1. articulation: how speech sounds are made
  2. Voice: use of vocal folds
  3. Fluency: the rhythm of speech
30
Q

Prior to speech production what happens to an infants vocal folds?

A

They are prepared for speech through crying, sneezing, sighing and burping

31
Q

Speech Production at 2 months

A

Infants begin making language based sounds that start with cooing. They begin producing vowel like sounds like “oooh” and “ahh”

32
Q

Speech Production at 5-6 months

A

Infants begin making speech like sounds that have no meaning like cooing turning into babbling

33
Q

Babbling

A

At 6-7 months
This is the extended repetition of single syllables such as mamama or dadada. Babbling incorporates sounds from their native language

34
Q

T or F: Infants first recognize words, then they begin to comprehend words

A

True

35
Q

When do infants usually say their first word by?

A

Their 1st Bday

36
Q

How many words at age 2 do most children have in their vocab?

A

A few hundred words

37
Q

How many words at age 6 do most children have in their vocab?

A

10,000+

38
Q

What specific intentions are a child’s first words used for?

A

Labeling, answering, repeating, requesting, calling, greeting, practicing, protesting (NO!)

39
Q

How many words does an infants vocab have to reach to have a naming explosion?

A

about 50

40
Q

-ing endings happen

A

19-28 months

41
Q

irregular past tense happens

A

25-46 months

42
Q

plural “s” happens

A

27-33 months

43
Q

“is” happens

A

27-39 months

44
Q

“a” and “the” happens

A

28-46 months

Pediatrics (5 decks)

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