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Upper Extremity Anatomy > Pectoral Region, Shoulder, Axilla > Flashcards

Pectoral Region, Shoulder, Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

what joint allows the scapula to move on the thoracic wall?

A

scapulothoracic joint

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2
Q

what bone serves as a movable, crane-like strut from which the scapula and free limb are suspended

A

clavicle

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3
Q

what is the passageway that extends between the neck and the upper extremities through which the long thoracic nerve and other structures pass

A

cervicoaxillary canal

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4
Q

What is an example of a ball-and-socket type of joint

A

glenohumeral or shoulder joint

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5
Q

what are the 3 components of a joint capsule

A

articular cartilage, synovial membrane, fibrous capsule

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6
Q

what deepens the glenoid cavity

A

glenoid labrum

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7
Q

Which part of the glenohumeral joint is the weakest area? Superior or inferior

A

Inferior part

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8
Q

What are the 4 ligaments of the shoulder joint?

A

Glenohumeral joint
Coracohumeral joint
Transverse humeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament

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9
Q

What forms the anterior axillary fold?

A

Pectoralis major

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10
Q

How many head does the pectoralis major have

A

2: sternocostal and clavicular head

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11
Q

What muscle is a powerful adductor of the humerus

A

Pectoralis major

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12
Q

What are the functions of the pectoralis major

A

Adduction when acting with latissimus dorsi

Medial rotation if humerus

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13
Q

What is the action of pectoralis minor?

A

Protraction
Elevates ribs
Stabilizes scapula

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14
Q

What muscle protects the subclavian vessels and the brachial plexus

A

Subclavius

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15
Q

What muscle depresses the clavicle

A

Subclavius

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16
Q

What innervates the serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

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17
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Protractor of scapula
Rotates the scapula
Anchors the scapula

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18
Q

What innervates the pectoralis major

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerve

19
Q

What innervates the pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve

20
Q

What innervates the trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve

21
Q

What is the action of trapezius

A

Descending - elevate scapula
Middle - retract scapula
Ascending - depress scapula

22
Q

Weakness of the trapezius would cause what

A

Drooping of shoulders

23
Q

What is the action of levator scapulae

A

Elevates the scapula

Rotates the scapula downwards

24
Q

Action of rhomboids

A

Retract scapula

25
Q

What acts with latissimus dorsi to adduct the arms

A

Pectoralis major

26
Q

Action of latissimus dorsi

A

Extension of arm

Downward rotation of scapula

27
Q

What muscle is important in climbing

A

Latissimus dorsi

28
Q

Action of deltoid

A

Flex
Abduct
Extend arm

29
Q

The anterior deltoid is uni or multipennate? While the middle is what?

A

Anterior - Unipennate

Middle - multipennate

30
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatous
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Subscapularis

31
Q

Action of teres major

A

Medially rotates arm

32
Q

Action of supraspinatous

A

Initially abducts the arm 15 degrees

33
Q

Action of infraspinatous

A

Lateral rotator of humerus

34
Q

Action of teres minor

A

Lateral rotator of humerus

35
Q

Action of subscapularis

A

Medially rotates the arm

36
Q

What are the apex, base, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral borders of the axilla

A

Apex - cervicoaxillary canal; 1st rib, clavicle, superior edge if scapula
Base - skin
Anterior wall - pectoralis minor and major
Posterior wall - scapula and subscapularis
Medial wall - serratus anterior
Lateral wall - intertubercular sulcus of humerus

37
Q

Innervation of teres minor

A

Axillary nerve

38
Q

What innervates the deltoid

A

Axillary nerve

39
Q

What muscle causes the winging of scapula

A

Serratus anterior

40
Q

Where does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery

A

After the first rib

41
Q

Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery

A

After the teres minor

42
Q

1st part of the axillary artery has

A

Superior thoracic artery

43
Q

2nd part of axillary artery has

A

Thoracoacromial artery

Lateral thoracic artery

44
Q

3rd part of the axillary artery has

A

Subscapular artery

Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery

Upper Extremity Anatomy (4 decks)

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