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Upper Extremity Anatomy > Forearm And Hand > Flashcards

Forearm And Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the head of the ulna

A

Distal end of the forearm

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2
Q

Where is the head of the radius

A

Proximal end of the forearm

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3
Q

What joins the ulna and radius

A

Interosseous membrane

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4
Q

What is the deep fascia of the forearm

A

Antebrachial fascia

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5
Q

The antebrachial fascia thickens posteriorly to form the what

A

Extensor retinaculum

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6
Q

The anterior thickening of the antebrachial fascia is identified by some as …

A

Palmar carpal ligament

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7
Q

Antebrachial fascia is also continued as the what when immediately distal and at a deeper level to the palmar carpal ligament

A

Flexor retinaculum or transverse carpal ligament

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8
Q

What do you call the tendon where all the superficial muscles are attached proximally to the medial epicondyle of the humerus

A

Common flexor tendon

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9
Q

What muscles are part of the superficial layer of the anterior forearm and attached to the common flexor tendon

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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10
Q

The intermediate layer of the anterior forearm muscle is made up of only one muscle. What is it

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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11
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis is made up of what type of muscle fiber? Fast or slow twitch fibers?

A

Fast twitch fibers

Predominantly composed of large white fibers

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12
Q

3 muscles composing the deep layer of the anterior forearm muscle

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

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13
Q

What is the deepest muscle in the forearm

A

Pronator quadratus

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14
Q

Principal extensor of the medial four digits

A

Extensor digitorum

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15
Q

What muscle is in the posterior compartment but flexes the arm

A

Brachioradialis

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16
Q

Muscle that supinates the arm

A

Supinator

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17
Q

Boundaries of the cubital fossa

A

Superiorly - imaginary line connecting the medial and lateral epicondyles
Medially - pronator teres
Laterally - brachioradialis

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18
Q

Contents of the cubital fossa

A

Median nerve
Radial nerve
Terminal part of the brachial artery
Tendon of biceps brachii

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19
Q

Arterial supply of the forearm

A

Ulnar and radial artery

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20
Q

The ulnar artery ends by forming the what arch

A

Superficial palmar arch

21
Q

The radial artery mainly forms the what arch

A

Deep palmar arch

22
Q

The course of the radial artery

A

It winds around the lateral aspect of the wrist and courses through the anatomical snuffbox

23
Q

What bones lie on the floor or the snuff box

A

Scaphoid and trapezium

24
Q

What vein communicates with the median cubital vein

A

Cephalic vein

25
Q

What vein eventually drains to the axillary vein

A

Cephalic vein

26
Q

What vein joins the venae comitantes to form the axillary vein

A

Basilic vein

27
Q

Venous network found on the dorsal aspect of the hand

A

Dorsal venous network

28
Q

What vein arises from the lateral aspect of the forearm at the cubital region and ascends further into the arm where it will enter the deltopectoral groove

A

Cephalic vein

29
Q

What vein arises from the medial aspect of the dorsal venous network and ascends the forearm and enters the brachial fascia in the arm

A

Basilic vein

30
Q

What canal will the ulnar artery pass through with the ulnar nerve

A

Guyon’s canal

31
Q

What are the two eminences of the hand

A

Thenar (larger) and hypothenar (smaller)

32
Q

What fascia is thin on the thenar and hypothenar eminences but thick centrally

A

Palmar fascia

33
Q

What is the expanded tendon of the palmaris longus

A

Palmar aponeurosis

34
Q

What septum extends deeply from the medial border of the palmar aponeurosis to the 5th metacarpal

A

Medial fibrous septum

35
Q

What septum extends deeply from the lateral border of the palmar aponeurosis to the 3rd metacarpal

A

Lateral fibrous septum

36
Q

What space is prone to infection in the hand

A

Thenar space and midpalmar space

37
Q

What muscles are part of the thenar muscles

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

38
Q

What muscles comprise the hypothenar compartment

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi
Palmaris brevis

39
Q

What are the short muscles of the hand

A

Lumbricals nad interossei

40
Q

Where do the lumbricals arise from

A

Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus

41
Q

What is the main action of the four dorsal interosseous muscles

A

Abduction of the fingers

42
Q

What is the main action of the 3 palmar interosseous muscles

A

Adduction of the fingers

43
Q

What are the arteries and veins of the hand

A

Radial and ulnar arteries

Cephalic (latetal) and basilic (medial) veins

44
Q

What innervates the hypothenar muscles and 3rd and 4th lumbricals and the rest of the hand muscles

A

Ulnar nerve

45
Q

What innervates the thenar muscles and first two lumbricals

A

Median nerve

46
Q

Palsy that results to inability to oppose thumb, difficulty in gripping things

A

Median nerve palsy or carpal tunnel syndrome

47
Q

Partial or complete surgical division of the flexor retinaculum

A

Carpal tunnel release

48
Q

Palsy characterized by wrist drop

A

Radial nerve palsy or saturday nights palsy

49
Q

Compression of the ulnar nerve results to this

A

Ulnar nerve palsy or ulnar canal syndrome

Upper Extremity Anatomy (4 decks)

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