Pectoral region and axilla Flashcards by Reuben Warshawsky

PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE medial

medial half of the clavicle, 2-6 costal cartilages, anterior layer of the rectus sheath

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PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE lateral

crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE function

flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

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PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE innervation

medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

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PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE vascularization

pectoral branch of the thoraco-acromial artery

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two heads of the PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE

clavicular head and sternocostal head (the two heads meet at the sternoclavicular joint)

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DELTOPECTORAL TRIANGLE borders

superior border of the clavicular head of the pectoralis major muscle and the inferior border of the deltoid muscle near the clavicle

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DELTOPECTORAL TRIANGLE narrows to form the

deltopectoral groove

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what is deep to the CLAVICULAR HEAD

lateral pectoral nerve and the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery

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deep to the PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE

clavipectoral fascia, pectoralis minor muscle, and subclavius muscle

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PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE inferior

ribs 3-5 near their costal cartilages

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PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE superior

coracoid process of the scapula

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PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE function

draws the glenoid cavity of the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly

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PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE innervation

medial and lateral pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

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PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE vascularization

pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery

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SUBCLAVIUS MUSCLE location

inferior to the clavicle; attached to the clavicle and the first rib

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SUBCLAVIUS MUSCLE function

depresses the clavicle

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SUBCLAVIUS vascularization

clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery

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SUBCLAVIUS innervation

nerve to the subclavius

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branches of the thoracoacromial artery

pectoral branch (largest), deltoid branch, acromial branch, clavicular branch

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR MUSCLE anterior

ribs 1-9

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR MUSCLE posterior

anterior surface of the scapula along the entire length of its medial border

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR MUSCLE function

protracts the scapula and rotates the scapula (when the arm is abducted above the horizontal plane)

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR MUSCLE vascularization

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR MUSCLE innervation

long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

AXILLA region function

region of passage for vessels and nerves that course from the root of the neck into the upper limb

AXILLA region components

axillary sheath, brachial plexus, axillary vessels and their branches, lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels, portions of 3 muscles, and fat and connective tissue

apex of the axilla

bounded by the clavicle anteriorly, the superior border of the scapula posteriorly, and the first rib medially

base of the axilla

skin and fascia of the armpit

anterior wall of the axilla

pectoralis major muscle, pectoralis minor muscle, and clavipectoral fascia

posterior wall of the axilla

teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles and the subscapularis muscle that covers the anterior surface of the scapula

lateral wall of the axilla

intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

AXILLARY ARTERY location begins

begins at the lateral border of the first rib where it is the continuation of the subclavian artery; (axillary artery is surrounded by the brachial plexus)

AXILLARY ARTERY location ends

ends at the inferior border of the teres major muscle where its name changes to brachial artery

first part of the AXILLARY ARTERY

extends from the lateral border of the first rib to the medial border of the pectoralis minor muscle

second part of the AXILLARY ARTERY

lies posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle

third part of the AXILLARY ARTERY

extends from the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle to the inferior border of the teres major muscle

Branch of the first part of the axillary artery

superior thoracic artery

SUPERIOR THORACIC ARTERY function

supplies blood to the first and second intercostal spaces

Branches of the second part of the axillary artery

thoracoacromial artery and lateral thoracic artery

SUPERIOR THORACIC ARTERY location

arises near the apex of the axilla

LATERAL THORACIC ARTERY location

arises at the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle and descends along the lateral border of the pectoralis minor muscle

LATERAL THORACIC ARTERY function

supplies the pectoral muscles, the serratus anterior muscle, the axillary lymph nodes, and the lateral thoracic wall

branches of the third part of the axillary artery

subscapular artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery, and anterior circumflex humeral artery

SUBSCAPULAR ARTERY divides into

(largest branch of the axillary artery); divides into the circumflex scapular artery and the thoracodorsal artery

CIRCUMFLEX SCAPULAR ARTERY function

vascularization to muscles on the posterior surface of the scapula

THORACODORSAL ARTERY function

supplies the latissimus dorsi

ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERIES function

supply the deltoid muscle; (posterior is larger)

QUADRANGULAR SPACE contains

axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery

POSTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY location

posterior to the surgical neck of the humerus

ANTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY location

anterior surface of the humerus at the surgical neck

SUBSCAPULARIS MUSCLE medial

subscapular fossa of the scapula

SUBSCAPULARIS MUSCLE lateral

lesser tubercle of the humerus

DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE origin

DORSAL SCAPULAR innervation

both rhomboids

AXILLARY NERVE origin

C5, C6

AXILLARY NERVE innervation

teres minor and deltoid

RHOMBOID chief action

retraction of the scapula

TERES MINOR chief action

external rotation of arm

DELTOID chief action

abduction of arm

LATERAL PECTORAL NERVE origin

C5-C7

LATERAL PECTORAL NERVE innervation

upper pectoralis major

UPPER PECTORALIS MAJOR muscle chief action

adduction-flexion of arm

MEDIAL PECTORAL NERVE origin

C8, T1

MEDIAL PECTORAL NERVE major muscle

lower pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

LOWER PECTORALIS MAJOR muscle chief action

adduction-extension of arm

PECTORALIS MINOR MUSCLE chief action

depression of shoulder

THORACODORSAL NERVE origin

C6-C8

THORACODORSAL NERVE innervation

latissimus dorsi

LATISSIMUS DORSI chief action

extension-adduction of arm

MUSCOLOCUTANEOUS NERVE origin

C5-C7

MUSCOLOCUTANEOUS NERVE innervation

biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis

BICEPS BRACHII chief action

flexination-supination of forearm

CORACOBRACHIALIS chief action

adduction-flexion of arm

BRACHIALIS chief action

flexion of forearm

RADIAL NERVE origin

C5-C8

RADIAL NERVE innervation

triceps and anconeus

TRICEPS chief action

extension of forearm

ANCONEUS chief function

extension of forearm

MEDIAN NERVE origin

C5-T1

MEDIAN NERVE innervation

abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, lumbricals I and II

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS chief action

abduction of thumb

OPPONENS POLLICIS chief action

opposition of thumb

LUMBRICALS I and II chief action

don't need to know now

ULNAR NERVE origin

C8, T1

ULNAR NERVE innervation

adductor pollicis, abductor digiti minimi, lumbricals III and IV, and interossei

ULNAR NERVE innervation of major muscles are primarily

related to the hand