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2024DM Med Surg Certification > Pearls -- Labs and IV Therapy > Flashcards

Pearls -- Labs and IV Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Tb

A

Mantoux/ppd screen. Sputum to confirm

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2
Q

Diabetes

A

3 test blood sugar > 125. Gtt 2hr value > 200 to confirm

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3
Q

Hiv and aids

A

Elisa screen. Has high false positives so do another one if the 1st comes back positive then do a western blot

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4
Q

Bun

A

10-20. Shows more dehydration. Severe indicates renal dysfunction. Low in liver disease cause liver can’t make it

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5
Q

Creatinine

A

<1.2. Increases in renal dysfunction

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6
Q

Hct

A

36-54

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7
Q

Specific gravity of urine

A

1.005-1.030. High values indicate dehydration and greater than 1.020 indicates hypovolemia

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8
Q

Sodium

A

135-145

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9
Q

Potassium

A

3.5-5.2

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10
Q

Magnesium

A

1.5-2.5 Low levels risk for dysthymias. Low levels seen with those who take diuretics

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11
Q

Phosphorus

A

2.5-4.5

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12
Q

Ammonia

A

Liver function 35-65

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13
Q

Total bilirubin

A

<1.2

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14
Q

Ca

A

8.5-10

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15
Q

Albumin

A

3.5-5. Follows potassium

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16
Q

Prealbumin

A

20-40

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17
Q

Rbc

A

4.2-6million

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18
Q

Wbc

A

5.0-11,000

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19
Q

Lymphocytes

A

1,000-4,000

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20
Q

Coumadin antidote

A

Vit K

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21
Q

Heparin antidote

A

Protamine sulfate

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22
Q

Lanoxin

A

Toxicity >2.5

23
Q

Aminophylline & Dilantin

A

10-20

24
Q

Phenobarbital

A

10-25

25
Q

Valproic acid

A

50-120

Seizure

26
Q

Indirect Coombs test

A

Initial test for type and screen

27
Q

Uric acid level

A
28
Q

Fluid volume deficit

S&S and interventions

A

Dec urine output, thirst, confused, hypernatremia, low cvp, tenting of skin (check before looking at ft mucous membranes and cracked lips)

Replace fluids!!!

29
Q

Normal fluid intake

A

2000 to 2500 ml. Need more with respiratory conditions to thin out secretions, more with fever, more with foley.

30
Q

Fluid volume overload

A

Weight gain, dyspnea, crackles, pulmonary edema, s3 gallop, jvd, peripheral edema.

Monitor weight,
Hob

31
Q

Neutrophil

A

3000-6000. Low put on precautions like reverse isolation, no fruit, veggies, flowers, black pepper, no standing water >15 minutes- no water pitcher.

32
Q

Platelet

A

150-400

33
Q

Liver function tests

A

Alt, alp, ast, urobillnogen, ammonia, bilirubin

34
Q

Alt

A

Liver

35
Q

Alp

A

Liver.

36
Q

Ast

A

Liver.

37
Q

Ammonia

A

Less than 100

38
Q

Amylase & Lipase

A

Less than 150

39
Q

Sign of electrolyte balance

A

Weakness and paresthesia

40
Q

Sodium and potassium

A

Opposite. Exchange.

41
Q

Sodium and —- are buddies

A

Cl. Except infections

42
Q

Ca and — run together and —is opposite in absence of disease.

A

Mg. phosphorus

43
Q

K and —are opposite.

A

H

44
Q

K, ca, mg

A

Run together

45
Q

Hco3 and cl

A

Opposite

46
Q

Low sodium

A

Due to fluid overload or renal problems. Will see confusion.

47
Q

High sodium

A

Salt. Skin flushed agitation low grade fever and thirst.

48
Q

Low k

A

Muscle weakness, constipation. Flat t waves, u waves, st depression

49
Q

High k

A

Tall t, wide qrs, no p wave. Treat with calcium gluconate insulin and dextrose, or sodium bicarbonate to put back in cell. Or kayexalate.

50
Q

Calcium

A

8.5 to 10. Twitch twitch. Seize. Nothing. Pth pulls calcitonin keeps.

51
Q

Low ca signs

A

Twitch, seizure. Chovateks and trosseaus.

52
Q

Ca/mg are —-

A

Opposite of phosphorus.

53
Q

High ca

A

Everything slows down.

54
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Psa screen. Biopsy confirmation

2024DM Med Surg Certification (11 decks)

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