Peads Flashcards
Wilm’s tumour
abd mass
painless haematuria
weight loss
Baby hearing test
first test - Otoacoustic emission test
if abnormal, then auditory brainstem response test
Down’s syndrome: vision and hearing problems
refractive errors are more common strabismus: seen in around 20-40% cataracts: congenital and acquired are both more common recurrent blepharitis glaucoma
William’s syndrome
SLATE Short stature Learning difficulties Supravalvular aortic stenosis Transient neonatal hypercalcaemia Friendly, extrovert personality
Fragile X
Everything big + learning difficulty
Macrocephaly
Long face
Large ears
Macro-orchidism
Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)
P for P
Polyldactyly
Cleft lip/palate
Pierre-Robin syndrome
P for P
Posterior displacement of the tongue
Edward’s syndrome (trisomy 18)
Rocker bottom feet
Low-set ears
Overlapping of fingers
Prader-Willi syndrome
OHH
Obesity
Hypogonadism
Hypotonia
Noonan syndrome
WPSP
Webbed neck
Pectus excavatum
Short stature
Pulmonary stenosis
Cri du chat syndrome (chromosome 5p deletion syndrome)
C for C
Characteristic cry
Head lice
treatment - wet combing, malathion
does not need to treat household contacts
School exclusion not required
Alpha-thalassaemia
hydrops fetalis, Bart’s hydrops
Hand, foot and mouth disease
coxsackie A16 and enterovirus 71
no school exclusion
Causes of hypertension in children
renal parenchymal disease renal vascular disease coarctation of the aorta phaeochromocytoma congenital adrenal hyperplasia essential or primary hypertension (becomes more common as children become older)
important mile stones
dress and undress independently 4 years
competent with spoon and doesn’t spill with cup 2 years
wave bye bye 12 months
use knife and fork 5 yr
Trinucleotide repeat disorders
Fragile X (CGG) Huntington's (CAG) myotonic dystrophy (CTG) Friedreich's ataxia* (GAA) spinocerebellar ataxia
School exclusion
Mumps - 5 days after onset of swollen glands
Measles - 4 days after onset of rash
Rubella - 5 days after onset of rash
Chicken pox - until lesion crusted over
Impetigo - until lesion crusted over or 48 hour after abx
Scarlet fever - 24 hours after abx
Whooping cough - 48 hours after abx
Developmental milestones: speech and hearing
mama dada- 9 months
combine 2 words- 2 years
talk in short sentence- 3 yr
vocabulary 200 words- 2 1/2 yr
what who- 3 yr
why when how- 4yr
Pseudomonas infection in < 6 months
US and referral
UTI in infants
<3 month old- refer to paediatrician
> 3 month old+ upper UTI- oral antibiotics 7-10 days
> 3 month old+ lower UTI- oral antibiotics 3 days
Mile stone, needs referral
doesn’t smile at 10 weeks
cannot sit unsupported at 12 months
cannot walk at 18 months
hand preference before 12 months
Contraindications to MMR
severe immunosuppression
allergy to neomycin
children who have received another live vaccine by injection within 4 weeks
pregnancy should be avoided for at least 1 month following vaccination
immunoglobulin therapy within the past 3 months (there may be no immune response to the measles vaccine if antibodies are present
Perthes disease
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
common in boys
4-8 years
SUFE
common in obese boys
10-15 years
Normal lower limb variants
Flat feet in toeing out toeing bow leg knock knee
typical distribution of atopic eczema in a 10-month-old child
face and trunk
Kawasaki disease
high-grade fever which lasts for > 5 days. Fever is characteristically resistant to antipyretics
conjunctival injection
bright red, cracked lips
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy
red palms of the hands and the soles of the feet which later peel
Measles
fever
irritablity
conjuntivitis
Koplik’s spot
Rubella
Lymph nodes
