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International Relations > Peace Treaties > Flashcards

Peace Treaties Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Treaty of Versailles (Germany) signed?

A

1919

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2
Q

What were the 4 main points related to territory in the Treaty of Versailles (Germany)?

A
  • Saar mines = French for 15 years
  • Danzig = free city under League’s control
  • Polish corridor created
  • NO ANSCHLUSS
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3
Q

What were the 5 main points related to military in the Treaty of Versailles (Germany)?

A
  • Army = 100,000
  • No air force
  • Reduced navy
  • Rhineland = permanently demilitarised
  • Britain and USA wanted to end conscription
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4
Q

What were the 3 main points related to war guilt and reparations in the Treaty of Versailles (Germany)?

A
  • Germany to accept blame for the war
  • Article 231 - moral justification for reparations
  • Agreement on principle of reparations - disagreement on amount
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5
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany? (2 points)

A
  • Humiliation and desire for revenge
  • German nationalists saw acceptance as betrayal - blamed socialist government
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6
Q

How did Germany react to the Paris Peace Conference?

A
  • May 1919 - Germany presented with draft treaty - given 15 days to reply
  • Main criticism from Germany - ToV ignored 14 Points
  • Germany demanded League membership, self-determination and commission to examine war guilt - demands ignored but plebiscite given over Upper Silesia
  • Final version given in June 1919 - triggered political crisis, Germany had to agree to terms
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7
Q

When was the Treaty of St. Germain (Austria) signed?

A

1919

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8
Q

What were the main 3 points related to territory in the Treaty of St. Germain (Austria)?

A
  • Reduced to 6 million, land-locked state
  • Italy given South Tyrol (230,000 Germans living there)
  • Czechoslovakia given Bohemia and Moravia (3 mill. Germans living there)
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9
Q

What were the 3 main points related to military in the Treaty of St. Germain (Austria)?

A
  • Army = 30,000
  • No conscription
  • No navy
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10
Q

What were the 2 main points related to war guilt and reparations in the Treaty of St. Germain (Austria)?

A
  • Had to accept war guilt
  • Reparations set but amount never fixed
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11
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of St. Germain on Austria (2 points)?

A
  • Industry given to Czechoslovakia, so hard to get economy going
  • Economy collapsed in 1921
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12
Q

When was the Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria) signed?

A

1919

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13
Q

What was the main point related to territory in the Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria)?

A

Territory lost to Greece, Yugoslavia and Romania

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14
Q

What were the main 4 points related to military in the Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria)?

A
  • Army = 20,000
  • No conscription
  • No air force
  • 4 battleships
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15
Q

What were the 2 main points related to war guilt and reparations in the Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria)?

A
  • Had to accept war guilt
  • Reparations = £100 million
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16
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Neuilly on Bulgaria (2 points)?

A
  • Political crisis - Communists made gains in elections in 1920
  • Coup in 1923 when Prime Minister assassinated by right wing army officers
17
Q

When was the Treaty of Trianon (Hungary) signed?

A

1920

18
Q

What were the 4 main points related to territory in the Treaty of Trianon (Hungary)?

A
  • ⅔ territory lost / 42% population
  • Transylvania given to Romania
  • Slovakia and Ruthenia given to Czechoslovakia
  • Justified by self-determination
19
Q

What were the 3 main points related to military in the Treaty of Trianon (Hungary)?

A
  • Army = 35,000
  • No conscription
  • 3 patrol boats
20
Q

What were the 2 main points related to war guilt and reparations in the Treaty of Trianon (Hungary)?

A
  • Had to accept war guilt
  • Reparations set
21
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Trianon on Hungary (2 points)?

A
  • Economic problems - former interdependence within larger empire
  • Lack of raw materials and over production of agricultural produce
22
Q

When were the Treaties of Sevres and Lausanne (Turkey) signed?

A

1920

23
Q

What were the 3 main points related to territory in the Treaty of Sevres and the 1 main point in the Treaty of Lausanne (Turkey)?

A
  • SEVRES - Eastern Thrace & Smyrna given to Greece
  • SEVRES - Palestine, Iraq & Jordan given to Britain
  • SEVRES - Syria given to France
  • LAUSANNE - Eastern Thrace & Smyrna regained
24
Q

What were the 4 main points related to military in the Treaty of Sevres (Turkey)?

A
  • Army = 50,000
  • Navy = 7 sailboats and 6 torpedo boats
  • Allies keep troops in Turkey
  • Open Dardanelles to ships of all nations
25
Q

What were the 3 main points related to military in the Treaty of Lausanne (Turkey)?

A
  • Regained control of Dardanelles
  • Allied troops withdrawn from Turkey
  • Right to decide size of armed forces
26
Q

What were the 2 main points related to war guilt and reparations in the Treaty of Sevres and Lausanne (Turkey)?

A
  • War guilt in terms of joining Allies
  • No reparations due to state of economy
27
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Sevres on Turkey (2 points)?

A
  • Furious at Sevres so overthrew gov.
  • People scared of returning to war
28
Q

What was the impact of the Treaty of Lausanne on Turkey (3 points)?

A
  • Britain forced to agree to Lausanne
  • Shows treaties were unenforceable
  • Lausanne undermined other treaties, e.g. Sevres
29
Q

What was the outcome of the Paris Peace Conference? (4 points)

A
  • Peace can’t come out of it
  • Germany angry - treated unfairly
  • Shouldn’t have excluded Russia and Germany
  • Italy was temporarily contained

International Relations (5 decks)

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