Aims and Motives of the Big Four

Question 1

What did Wilson want to do to Germany?

Answer 1

Punish them

Question 2

What did Wilson want the 14 Points to be the basis of?

Answer 2

Future peace negotiations

Question 3

Why did Wilson want to set up independent nation states in Eastern Europe and the Balkans?

Answer 3

Ensure self-determination

Question 4

How did Wilson compromise on “Freedom of the Seas”?

Answer 4

Made it clear to Britain they would not lift the German naval blockade immediately

Question 5

How did Wilson compromise on German colonies?

Answer 5

Said the League could control them and give them out as mandates

Question 6

What was the problem with Wilson having too much faith in the League of Nations?

Answer 6

It wouldn’t fix everything

Question 7

Which policy meant that Wilson wanted a strong Europe to trade with even though he didn’t want to become involved in European conflicts?

Answer 7

Isolationism

Question 8

What was Wilson’s opinion of empires?

Answer 8

Didn’t like them, even though Britain and France had them

Question 9

Where was Britain looking to gain more territory?

Answer 9

Middle East, NOT EUROPE

Question 10

What was Britain worried about spreading westwards?

Answer 10

Bolshevism

Question 11

What was Bolshevism?

Answer 11

The communist form of government adopted in Russia following the Bolshevik revolution of 1917

Question 12

Why did Britain oppose French policy of securing a guarantee of preventing German military revival?

Answer 12

Wanted to prevent long term British intervention and German bitterness

Question 13

How did Britain agree with France on reparations?

Answer 13

They agreed that the Kaiser should be put on trial for war crimes and that Germany should pay ‘the greatest possible indemnity’

Question 14

Why was Lloyd George unenthusiastic about Wilson’s 14 Points?

Answer 14

Self determination potentially threatened the stability of the British Empire

Question 15

What did Britain wanting the strongest possible weak Germany show about Britain’s policies towards Germany in comparison to France’s?

Answer 15

• Britain was more conciliatory than France
• Didn’t want to be harsh like France due to Communist worries

Question 16

In comparison to Germany’s, how big did Lloyd George want Britain’s navy?

Answer 16

Double Germany’s

Question 17

What did France want against Germany?

Answer 17

Security and revenge

Question 18

What war in France and Germany’s past started France’s desire for revenge?

Answer 18

Franco-Prussian War

Question 19

What former German area did France want Poland to have?

Answer 19

Upper Silesia

Question 20

What was France concerned about in relation to Germany?

Answer 20

A German revival in Europe

Question 21

What 2 things did France want to do to Germany?

Answer 21

• Disarm them
• Revert them to an agricultural nation

Question 22

What sort of reparations did France want for Germany?

Answer 22

Heavy

Question 23

What were the 3 reasons for France wanting reparations for Germany?

Answer 23

• To economically destroy Germany
• Didn’t want Germany to rebuild itself
• Didn’t want Germany to become a threat again

Question 24

What sort of Rhineland state did France want?

Answer 24

Demilitarised and independent

Question 25

What 3 countries did France want?

Answer 25

* Yugoslavia * Poland * Czechoslovakia

Question 26

In return for 3 countries, what would France let Britain have and why?

Answer 26

Palestine because of its rich oil

Question 27

Why did Italy try to get the other Powers to stick to the Treaty of London?

Answer 27

Trying to convince Italian voters that Italy had prospered from WW1

Question 28

What 4 things did the Treaty of London 1915 promise Italy?

Answer 28

* South Tyrol * Half of the Dalmatian coast * Port Fiume * Territory in Africa and the Middle East

Question 29

Italy wanted an empire like which 2 countries?

Answer 29

Britain and France

Question 30

Which Italian leader really wanted an Italian empire?

Answer 30

Mussolini

Question 31

Why did Italy feel the need to prove themselves as a major power?

Answer 31

Surrounded by empires

Question 32

What would the newly formed states (Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia) allow Germany to impose?

Answer 32

Sphere of influence

Question 33

What were 5 common aims between US, Britain, France and Italy?

Answer 33

* Reparations * Lasting peace * Peacekeeping organisation * Contained Germany * Germany as a buffer zone to contain Communism