Peace and Conflict Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 ways Christians interpret peace?

A
  1. Some are pacifists - they use peaceful ways to challenge injustice and evil
  2. Some believe that violence or war can be a “necessary evil”
  3. Some think that peace can only be found in Heaven - humans are too sinful on Earth
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2
Q

What are 2 Christian teachings on justice? [2 points, 2 quotes]

A
  1. God is a God of justice. The Bible says “The Lord is a God of justice”
  2. God wants Christians to work for justice. The Bible says “The Lord loves the just”
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3
Q

Why do Christians believe that justice is important for peace? [2]

A
  1. Injustice and inequality is a main cause of conflict and war
  2. Christians believe that peace and justice go together: peace cannot exist if there is injustice
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4
Q

What are 2 Christian teachings on forgiveness?

A
  1. God forgives anyone who asks. In the Parable of the Lost Son, Jesus taught that God is like the Father who forgives his son
  2. The Lord’s Prayer teaches Christians to forgive others if they wish to be forgiven by God: “Forgive us our sins, as we forgive those who sin against us”
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5
Q

What is the main Christian teaching on reconciliation? (+ quote)

A
  1. Jesus’ death on the cross was the ultimate act of reconciliation. His sacrifice atoned for human sin and brought reconciliation between God and humankind
  2. “God reconciled us to himself through Christ” (Bible)
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6
Q

Why do Christians believe that forgiveness and reconciliation are important? [2]

A
  1. After a conflict, without forgiveness and reconciliation then problems and resentment will continue, and a return to violence in likely
  2. Reconciliation is important in healing emotional wounds after a conflict
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7
Q

Explain two contrasting religious beliefs about violent protest [5 marker]

A
  1. Most Christians believe that violent protest is wrong. They do believe that protest to achieve what is right is acceptable, however they will use non-violent methods such as campaigns. Jesus said: “Blessed are the peacemakers”
  2. Some Christians do support violent protest. However, only for a good reason such as to fight for injustice. This is supported by the story of Jesus using violence to protest against corruption and exploitation in the Jerusalem Temple
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8
Q

Explain two contrasting religious beliefs about terrorism [5 marker]

A
  1. Most Christians believe that terrorism is wrong. This is because it prevents peace and reconciliation and makes problems worse. Terrorism goes against Jesus’ teaching of: “Love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you”
  2. Some Christians believe that terrorism can be justified, however only as a last resort. It can be justified if the aim is to remove a dictator, fight injustice or if the terrorism targets infrastructure and not people
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9
Q

Explain two reasons why religious people believe that terrorism is wrong [5 marker]

A
  1. Christians believe that terrorism is wrong because the victims are usually innocent people. The Bible teaches that killing is wrong: “You shall not kill”
  2. Christians also believe that terrorism is wrong because it causes conflict. The Bible teaches that Christians should promote peace and try to live in harmony with one another
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10
Q

What are the 3 main reasons for war?

A
  1. Greed
  2. Self-defence
  3. Retaliation
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11
Q

Do Christians support greed as a reason for war? Why/why not?

A
  1. No
  2. For Roman Catholics, greed is one of the 7 deadly sins
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12
Q

Do Christians support self-defence as a reason for war? Why/why not?

A
  1. Yes (as a last resort)
  2. Jesus said “blessed are the peacemakers”, so a war fought in self-defence to bring peace is fine
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13
Q

Do Christians support retaliation as a reason for war? Why/why not?

A
  1. No
  2. Jesus taught “If anyone slaps you on the righ cheek, turn to them the other cheek also”
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14
Q

What are the terms of the Just War Theory? [7]

A
  1. Just cause
  2. Correct authority
  3. Just intention
  4. Last resort
  5. Reasonable chance of success
  6. Proportional force
  7. Just means
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15
Q

Why do many Christians support the Just War Theory? [5 marker]

A
  1. One of the terms is that the war must have a just cause. Many Christians believe that a reason such as self-defence is acceptable for war, if peace comes as a result. Jesus said “blessed are the peacemakers”
  2. Another of the terms is that the war must use proportional force. Most Christians do not accept the use of WMDs so this term supports their belief
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16
Q

Explain two religious beliefs about Holy War [5 marker]

A
  1. In Christianity, Holy War is rejected by most Christians today. This is because no teaching in the Bible or that of Jesus’ teachings promote Holy War. Jesus said “love your neighbour” and the 10 commandments says “you shall not kill”
  2. In Islam, Muslims are taught that they can fight a holy war to defend Islam. This can been seen in the Qur’an when Muhammad fought in battles to defend his Muslim community
17
Q

Explain two religious beliefs about the use of WMDs [5 marker]

A
  1. Christians disagree with the use of WMDs because they kill on a mass scale. This oposses the Bible’s teachings on peace. The 10 Commandments says “You shall not kill”
  2. Christians also disagree with the use of WMDs because it goes against the Sanctity of Life. God is the creator of life and only he has the right to end life
18
Q

Explain two religious beliefs about the possession of WMDs [5 marker]

A
  1. Some Christians argue that possessing WMDs as a deterant is acceptable if it keeps peace and prevents attack. Jesus said “blessed are the peacemakers”
  2. Other Christians believe that even having WMDs as a deterrent is immoral. They believe their desctructive power can never be justified: millions dead, planet destroyed
19
Q

Explain two reasons why some Christians are pacifists [5 marker]

A
  1. Some Christians are pacifists because Jesus taught that the right response to aggression is love, not hate. Jesus said: “Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.”
  2. Other Christians e.g. Quakers are pacifists because they believe that Christians should fight evil and injustice in non-violent ways. They use methods such as negotiation and reconciliation instead
20
Q

Explain two ways in which one religious person has worked to bring peace [4 marker]

A
  1. Mairead Corrigan co-founded Peace People, a movement commited to building a peacful Northern Ireland
  2. She organised marches calling for a non-violent end to conflict. Thousand of Catholics and Protestants came on every march, showing most wanted peace
21
Q

Explain why Christians want to help victims of war [5 marker]

A
  1. Jesus taught that everyone is our neighbour. Regardless of their race, religion, gender etc. Jesus said: “Love your neighbour as yourself”
  2. Jesus told his disciples to be like the Good Samaritan, who stopped on his journey to help a Jewish man who had been mugged and left for dead by the roadside. Christians follow Jesus’ teachings
22
Q

Explain how an organisation has helped victims of war [4 marker]

A
  1. Christian Aid provides emergency relief for victims of war. They provide relief such as shelter, food and medicine
  2. They also help to rehabilitate formed child soldiers. They offer eduaction, counselling and support