Pe remember Flashcards
Tidal volume and value
Amount of amount inspired or expired per normal breath, not including forced breathing
0.5L
Vital capacity and value
Amount of air inspired and expired, including the forced breathing
4.8L
Residual volume
Amount of air left in lungs after expiring
1.2 L
Total lung volume
Vital capacity and residual volume
6.0L
Cardiovascular adaptations
Cardiac hypertrophy
Increased stroke volume
Decreased resting heart rate
Reduced resting blood pressure
Decreased heart rate recovery time
Capillarisation of the skeletal muscle and alveoli
Increased blood volume
Respiratory adaptations
Increased vital capacity
Increased strength of muscles
Increase in oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion
Energy system adaptations
Increased creative stores
Increased tolerance to lactic acid
Increased use of fat as energy source
Increased storage of glycogen
Increased number of mitochondria
Skeletal adaptations
Increased bone density and strength
Increased ligament strength
Increased thickeners of articular cartilage
Muscular adaptations
Aerobic- increased mitochondria and myoglobin
Anaerobic- increased strength
Increased tolerance to lactic acid
Short term response on the skeletal system
increased production of synovial fluid within joints. This reduces the impact of exercise on the joint and helps to increase the range of movement
Short term responses to muscular system
Increased muscle pliability
Increased muscle temperature
Increased blood supply
Microtears
Additional factors to muscular system
Age
Cramp
Short term responses on respiratory system
Increased in breathing rate
Increase in tidal volume
Short term responses to cardiovascular
Increased blood pressure
Increased cardiac output
Redirection of blood flow
Changes in heart rate when exercising
Antcipatory raise- caused by release of adrenaline
Increased heart rate
Blood flow of the heart
Deoxygenated blood passes from the vena cava to the right atrium.
From here it travels through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. Deoxygenated blood leaves the right side of the heart, passing through the semi-lunar valves into the pulmonary artery to travel to the lungs.
Oxygenated blood from the lungs passes through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium. From here it travels through the bicuspid valve
Into the left ventricle.
Oxygenated blood leaves the left side of the heart, passing through the semi-lunar valves into the aorta to travel to the body.
The septum divides the heart into left and right sides, keeping the blood in these areas of the heart separated,
Hyperthermia
Increase in core body temperature, lead to heat cramps and heat stroke
Hypothermia
Drop in core body temperature below 35
Anaerobic glycolysis
Glucose and glycogen are broken down by the lactate system to produce atp. 2 atp
