PE paper 2 Flashcards
What is an NGB?
NATIONAL GOVERNING BODY
An organisation that governs their sport supporting both elite performers and grass roots.
Why disability may affect sport participation
Difficult to get to facilities
May well feel discriminated
Lack confidence
No suitable activities available
Why age may affect sport participation
People are living longer so there are now more opportunities for the elderly to participate: e.g. bowls, walking rugby, golf.
Pressure of exams, does not fit with peers or self image
Childcare and work time constraints.
Older people lack self confidence
Why gender may affect participation in sport
In some cases women take care of children and run the family home so may have less time.
There is less funding in women’s sport.
The media does not cover women’s sport.
why ethnicity may affect participation in sport
Asian women are not allowed to wear revealing clothing and so this could make participating difficult, especially in something like swimming.
Some sports are more popular, for example cricket.
Actual or perceived prejudice may prevent them from participating.
Why socio economic group may affect participation in sport
Generally, people who come from wealthier families are more likely to keep participating after the age of sixteen.
38% of people from higher socio economic groups participate while only 25% of people from lower socio economic groups do.
why family may affect participation in sport
Young people are more likely to participate in sports their parents did themselves.
Parents may motivate children to do sporting activities
Expectations
Three most important factors in improving participation
Promotion or convincing people they should take up sport.
Provision of facilities, equipment, coaching etc.
Making it more accessible for people to become engaged in sport.
How can we improve inequalities in sport
Increase awareness surrounding women’s and girl’s involvement.
Giving as much support as possible to women.
Encouraging organisations to improve access to women.
Challenging instances of inequalities.
Raising visibility and profile of British sportswomen.
Types of media
Television: ITV (advertising)
Press: newspapers, magazines
Radio: national, local, commercial
Internet: social media
Cinema: documentaries, movies
Commercialisation
this refers to the influence of commercial trade or business on an industry (e.g. sport) to make a profit.
Positive effects of the media on sport
To provide a ‘shop window’ for businesses.
To provide more funds to sports and participants via advertising and sponsorship.
To make sport seem more attractive and interesting.
Influences rules and times of play which makes sport more accessible, e.g. all of the six nations games are played at different times so viewers can watch all games.
Negative effects of the media
Can over sensationalise the negative aspects of sport e.g. poor behaviour.
Can assert to much control over sport.
To few (mainly male) sports benefit.
Under representation of minority groups including those with disabilities.
Define the “golden triangle”
The golden triangle consists of sport, sponsorship and the media.
This term ‘the golden triangle’ is used to show the interdependence and influences of the three factors , all of the factors influence each other.
Positive influence of sponsorship
Provides money for athletes to train and play full time.
Pays for competitions, e.g. the RBS 6 Nations.
Promotes the development of new athletes, sponsors often offer scholarships.
They get an attractive image if associated with a winning team.
They can provide hospitality for potential business clients.
Negative influence of sponsorship
Companies don’t want to sponsor teams and athletes who are not successful and some struggle to get financial help.
A narrow range of sports attract sponsorship, others miss out.
Sponsorship deals are fragile, for example injuries or loss of form could loose the sponsorship.
Advertising for some products is not is not advisable, for example advertising for cigarettes has been phased out of formula one racing.
