PDC and TCA Cycle Flashcards
What reaction for TCA cycle?
Acetyl CoA + 3 NAD + FAD + GDP + P + 2 H20 –> CoA + 2 CO2 + 3 NADH + 3H + FADH2 + GTP
Where do most of the potential energy for the cell come from in the TCA cycle?
reduced co enzymes, you get 3 NADH (6e) and 1 FADH2 (2e)
What are the direct source of energy from the TCA cycle?
direct GTP
Where is NAD+ is derived from?
Niacin; the nicotinamide portion does the redox chemistry
How does pyruvate get into the mitochondrion?
because its polar and charged, it cannot get through passively so it must use a mitochondrial pyruvate arrier
How does the structure of the mitochondria aid in the exchange of metabolites?
the inner membrane has components of the ETC where the reduced coenzymes are fed directly in
How does the cell use the potential energy in reduced coenzymes to fuel ATP synthesis?
the reduced coenzymes need to be oxidized (oxidative phosphorylation) which will make a protein gradient to help fuel ATP synthesis
What is the structure of the Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC)?
three complexs that are non covalently associated (proximity and orientation so rate of product formation increases)
What are the 5 cofactors of the pyruvate dehydrogenase?
coenzyme A (coA), Lipoamide (lipoic acid), TPP, NAD+, FAD
Lime soaked corn
releases protein bound niacin upon heating so allows allows for absorption into the body
What is FAD derived from?
dietary Riboflavin (the flavin does the redox chemistry)
-in reduction there is a radical intermediate
Where does COA come from?
CoA dervied from dietary pantothenic acid
Where does TPP come from?
dietary thiamine (fruits and veggies
polished rice is thiamine deficient and whole rice is thiamine rich
What kind of molecule is acetyl-CoA?
its a thioester; high energy molecule because hydrolysis products result in much lower energy level than reactants
Is pyruvate dehydrogenase complex a near or far from eq rxn?
FAR
