Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro Rehab Test 3 > PD > Flashcards

PD Flashcards

1
Q

PD is the a common neuro disorder second only to what condition

A

Alzheimer’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PD is the most common _____ disorder

A

movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Generally when is PD diagnosed

A

50-60 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the primary cause of PD

A

most cases are idiopathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

though PD as we traditionally talk about it is generally idiopathic, what are three common causes of Secondary Parkinsonism?

A

postencephalitic parkinsonism
toxic parkinsonism
drug-induced (haldol) parkinsonism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three common categories of PD

A
  1. PD
  2. Secondary Parkinsonism
  3. Parkinson-Plus Syndromes (atypical PD)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what anatomy is implicated in PD?

A

the basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what role does the BG play in PD?

A

voluntary movement and postural adjustments - i.e. the dog leash that pulls in or lets out motor function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pathophys of PD

A

dopaminergic neuron degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: patients will begin to demonstrate sxs of PD as dopaminergic neurons degenerate

A

false: patients will not show clinical sxs until 60-80% degeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How can a clinician distinguish between Parkinson Disease Dementia and Lewy Body Dementia?

A

PDD presents as PD then cognitive changes follow at least 1 year after dx. LBD presents as PD with concurrent cognitive changes within 1 year of dx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the four cardinal features of PD

A
  1. bradykinesia
  2. tremor
  3. rigidity
  4. postural instability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe bradykinesia as a cardinal sign of PD

A

the most common cardinal feature that can present as festinating gait, micrographia, hypomimia (masked facies), and/or freezing episodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe tremor as a cardinal feature of PD

A

the first cardinal symptom in 50% of patients most often seen as a pill rolling resting tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe rigidity as a cardinal feature of PD

A
  1. velocity independent
  2. reflexes may be normal
  3. cogwheel - stopping/catching throughout ROM
  4. lead pipe - pushing through constant arc of motion resistance
  5. trunk rigidity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe postural instability as a cardinal feature of PD

A

difficulty in anticipatory movement and posture shifted anteriorly

17
Q

what does it take to clinically dx PD?

A

2/4 cardinal features and dx of exclusion - though imaging (DaTSCAN, PET, SPECT) is becoming more popular/useful

18
Q

What are the three most common Parkinson Plus Syndromes

A
  1. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
  2. Corticobasilar Degeneration
  3. Multiple System Atrophy (Shy Drager Syndrome)
19
Q

What is Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)

A
  1. a clinical mimic of PD but dominated by frontal lobe sxs
  2. Hallmark signs - rocket sign (forcefull STS followed by a push back) and inability to gaze downward (looking up a lot)
20
Q

What is corticobasal degeneration

A
  1. clinical mimic of PD BUT PD MEDS DONT HELP

2. remarkable rigidity and ataxia

21
Q

What is the key to understanding multiple system atrophy (Shy Drager Syndrome) as an offshoot of PD?

A

Autonomic presentation is key (dizziness, fainting, orthostasis)

22
Q

Discuss the course of disease for PD

A

though pathology precedes dx by years, tremor dominant PD has a better prognosis and can be rather benign

23
Q

what is the mainstay medical tx for PD

A

Sinemet (levadopa and carbidopa) - i.e. dopamine replacement therapy

24
Q

describe the implication of dopamine replacement therapy

A

impact deteriorates over the course of the disease resulting in an on-off phenomenon therefore some patients take drug holidays

25
Q

T/F: there is no surgical management for PD

A

false: DBS can significantly improve function in PD patients

26
Q

what are two postural deformities/dystonias that are common in PD patients

A
  1. camptocormia - bent spine syndrome (flexed in sagittal plane)
  2. pisa syndrome - lateral spinal flexion (frontal plane)
27
Q

what are two measures specific to PD

A

H&Y and UPDRS

28
Q

how do you address the phantom pillow phenomenon in PD patients?

A

prone tasks

29
Q

what should you do to combat postural changes in PD patients

A

tai chi, rocking and rotation movements, PNF patterns

30
Q

what intensity of task specific training (functional mobility, balance, gait) is appropriate for PD patients

A

high

31
Q

what are ideas to combat trunk/pelvis stiffness in PD patients

A

pelvic clock, swiss ball, bridging, scooting

32
Q

what is a good idea to help encourage dopamine uptake during exercise

A

large amplitude movement

33
Q

T/F: treadmill training is inappropriate for PD patients

A

false - high intensity training is recommended

34
Q

what is a strategy you can use with PD patients to make their movements more effective?

A

external cues (such as auditory or visual cues) engage CB and cortical areas of the brain

35
Q

T/F: high intensity exercise is neuroprotective in PD patients, not neurodegenerative

A

true

36
Q

though Tai Chi does not have any evidence to support impact on gait and QoL, what does it do?

A

it is safe, popular, and has a positive effect on motor function and balance

37
Q

what type of AD could be most beneficial for PD patients

A

U-step walker

38
Q

Research says that THIS adjuvant to exercise and rehab improves symtpoms of PD

A

forced exercise cycling/theracycle - which mechanically augments exercise rate greater than the preferred voluntary rate

Neuro Rehab Test 3 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions