PCR

Question 1

What does PCR stand for ?

Answer 1

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 2

What is the process of DNA amplification ?

Answer 2

Allows many identical copies of double stranded DNA to be made: in-vitro cloning
Mimics the process of DNA replication

Question 3

What is the purpose of PCR?

Answer 3

A cyclic method used to rapidly amplify relatively small amounts of DNA into extremely large amounts for further laboratory uses

Question 4

How do you amplify DNA?

Answer 4

PCR machines called thermal cyclers

Question 5

What are the components of PCR ?

Answer 5

DNA sample, primers , nucleotides, taq polymerase, mix buffer, PCR tube

Question 6

What are the three cycles of PCR

Answer 6

1. Separate Strands
2. Primer binding
3. Strad synthesis

Question 7

What happens during step one of PCR?

Answer 7

Separate the target DNA strands by heating to 95°C for 5 minutes

Question 8

What happens during step 2 of PCR?

Answer 8

Cool to 55°C, add primers (short DNA strands that provide a starting sequence for DNA replication), nucleotides (A, T, G and C) and DNA polymerase enzyme.

Question 9

What happens during step 3 of PCR?

Answer 9

Heat to 70°C and incubate for a few minutes. During this time, primers attach to single-stranded DNA. DNA polymerase synthesizes complementary strands.

Question 10

What is the final stage of PCR?

Answer 10

Repeat for about 25 cycles
Repeat cycle of heating and cooling until enough copies of the target DNA have been produced.

Question 11

What is the name of the special enzyme used in PCR?

Answer 11

DNA (Taq1) polymerase

Question 12

What is DNA sequencing ?

Answer 12

Used to determine the sequence of nucleotide bases of a species  genome.