PCOS

Question 1

Define PCOS

Answer 1

PCOS-Polycystic ovary syndrome
set of signs and symptoms related to an endocrinopathy in women
a very common disease

defined as having 2 or more of presence of hyper-androgenaemia, oligo-/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasound

Question 2

Aetiology and risk factors of PCOS

Answer 2

Aetiology is unclear, with genetic components
Relation between insulin resistance, causing androgen hypersecretion. also have high LH. all this night contribute to weird follicular development

Risk factors:
FHx of PCOS
Premature puberty
Obesity
Low birth weight

Question 3

Epidiemology of PCOS

Answer 3

nearly 10% of all women of reproductive age in 2005 in europe
Stupidly common
accounts for 90% of hyper-androgenise in women

Question 4

Signs and Sx of PCOS

Answer 4

Classically:

Irregular menstruation-nearly all PCOS-as get older they might shorten
Hirsutism-thich pigmentair hairs in “men” area-chin, labia, chest, back, tummy, etc

Infetility-any women that can’t concieve a child for 1 year should investigated for PCOS-common presenting complain

Other-ACne-hormone related
Hypertension
Obesity

Question 5

Investigations of PCOS

Answer 5

Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (to exclude congenital hyperplasia)-normal

Prolactin-to exclude prolactinoma-normal

TSH-exclude TSH -normal

Serum LH/FSH ratio–if over 3-suggest PCOS
Serum testosterone

diagnosis if 2 of 3 -signs/investigation shown hyper androgen, USS showing polycystic ovaries, oligomennrhoea
Rotterdam criteria