PCNS Flashcards
penicillinase-sensitive PCNs (4) (bactericidal)
penicillin G (iv and im form)
penicillin V (oral)
ampicillin
amoxicillin
(antipseudomonals -ticarcillin and piperacillin are also penicillinase sensitive)
mechanism of penicillins (penicillinase-sensitive PCNs)
- binds pcn-binding proteins (aka transpeptidases) to block XL of peptidoglycan
- activates autolytic enzymes
group of bugs sensitive to penicillinase-sensitive PCNs
GPC (s pna, s pyogenes, actinomyces
GPR (corynebacterium, clostridium, listeria, bacillus)
GNC (neisseria)
spirochetes (t.pallidum)
side effects of penicillinase-sensitive PCNs
HSR, hemolytic anemia
To what group of PCNs do ampicillin and amoxicillin belong?
penicillinase-sensitive PCNs (aminopenicillins)
what bugs do the aminopcn’s cover?
HELPSS haemophilus influenzae Ecoli listeria monocytogenes Proteus mirabilis Salmonella Shigella enterococci
-also for preggos carrying GBS
aminopcn toxicity
HSR, rash, pseudomembranous colits
use of aminopcns with ___ to protect against b-lactamase
clavulanic acid
3 penicillinase-resistant pcns
oxacillin
nafcillin
dicloxacillin
why are oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin penicillinase resistant?
bulky R group on ring blocks b-lactamase from accessing the b-lactam ring
bugs that oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin cover
S aureus (except MRSA; resistant b/c of altered PBP traget site)
(use naf for staph)
toxicity of nafcillin (and oxacillin, dicloxacillin)
HSR, interstitial nephritis
what are the antipseudomonal pcns (2)?
ticarcillin
piperacillin
bugs covered by ticarcillin and piperacillin?
pseudomonas
GNRs
are ticarcillin and piperacillin sensitive to penicillinase?
yes, use with b-lactamase inhibitors
