pbio exam 2 Flashcards
Vertical
integration
A form of monopoly which improved efficiency of forest removal.
selective cut
Removal of trees based on individual tree value; leaves many trees standing.
oxen
Powerful animals used to drag cut trees to the river side in the winter
.
narrow gauge
Small steam trains which allowed cutting away from rivers.
splash dam
Crude dams which allowed timber to be cut away from large rivers.
worm fence
A form of frontier fence which consumed vast amounts of timber contributing to environmental disaster on the East Coast
coastal plains
beside the Atlantic Ocean. Poor soil quality discourages cutting for agriculture in the 1600 and 1700s
fall line
Zone of high water energy between the Piedmont and the Coastal Plain. Mills promote cutting of forest for wheat agriculture in the Middle Atlantic.
tide water
Zone of tidal rivers on the Virginia coast which structured plantation development and constrained clearance of forest elsewhere.
Fredrick Weyerhaeuser
A shrewd businessman who used monopolistic methods to remove large amounts of Lake
States forest
.
William Matlack
A poor settler in the Middle Atlantic states who was eventually successful in putting together a large farm.
log jam
The logs get jammed up, and do not go down the river. One of the weaknesses of rivers for log transport
driving
Moving logs down a river, the only cheap way to move wood. Kept the forest clearance near rivers.
hanging rock region
An iron-making region in southern Ohio. Required clearance of large areas of forest.
alfisols
nutieient rich, fine textured, young soil, supports forest.
