PBA: Spring 2016 Rx Flashcards
What are the nine (9) prescription drugs and their indication that are possible for the PBA? [Alphabetical order]
- Alendronate (Osteoporosis)
- Carvedilol (Hypertension)
- Clindamycin (Skin infection)
- Doxycycline (Skin infection)
- Finasteride (Benign prostatic hypertrophy)
- Metronidazole (Bacterial vaginosis)
- Montelukast (Asthma)
- Potassium Chloride (Hypokalemia)
- Terazosin (Benign prostatic hypertrophy)
How do you administer ALL forms of Alendronate? (5 components)
- Once a day or Once a week [same day each week]
- Take in morning,
- With Full glass of Water
4, 30 min Before meal, drink or other medication - Do not lie down for at least 30 min.
What additional administration points are required for tablet Alendronate?
Swallow whole, do not crush or chew
What additional administration points are required for oral solution Alendronate? (2 components)
- Administer oral solution,
2. Follow with at least 2 oz of plain water.
What additional information points are required for effervescent tablets Alendronate? (3 components)
- Dissolve 1 tablet in 4 oz ROOM TEMP, PLAIN WATER
- Once effervescence stops, wait at least 5 mins,
- Stir for 10 seconds then drink.
What additional information points are required for maximum benefits from Alendronate? (2 components)
- 1,000-1,200 mg of Calcium per day
2. 800-1,000 IU Vitamin D per day
What are expected benefits of Alendronate?
- Increase in bone density,
2. Typically monitored every 1-2 years.
What are three (3) expected side effects of Alendronate?
- Heartburn
- Pain on swallowing
- Retrosternal (behind breastbone) pain
How do you administer Carvedilol?
- Take with food to minimize risk of orthostatic hypotension
What additional administration points are required for extended-release Carvedilol? (2 components)
- Swallow whole, do not divide crush or chew
2. Capsule may be opened and sprinkled on applesauce for immediate use
What are expected benefits of Carvedilol? (3 components)
- Lower blood pressure,
- Effects seen 30 min-1 hr,
- With peak effects at 1-2 hours.
What are four (4) expected side effects of Carvedilol?
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Fatigue/sluggishness
- Weakness
How do you administer Clindamycin? (3 components)
- Take with full glass of water to prevent esophageal/GI irritation,
- May consider recommending probiotic to prevent severe diarrhea [separate dosing of antibiotic and probiotic]
- Take full course of antibiotic even if feeling better
What are expected benefits of Clindamycin? (2 components)
- May take two or three days to see improvement of symptoms,
- Always continue full course of therapy.
What are four (4) expected side effects of Clindamycin?
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
How do you administer Doxycycline? (6 components)
- Take with full glass of water,
- and remain upright at least 30 mins to avoid irritation
- May take with food to avoid GI upset
- May cause sun sensitivity [wear sunscreen and avoid tanning beds]
- AVOID antacids, multivitamins and any product containing MAGNESIUM, CALCIUM or ALUMINUM
- Take full course of antibiotics even if feeling better.
What are expected benefits of Doxycyline? (2 components)
- May take a few days to see improvement of symptoms,
2. Always continue full course of therapy.
What are three (3) expected side effects of Doxycycline?
- Upset stomach
- Nausea
- Vomiting
How do you administer Finasteride? (2 components)
- take one tablet daily
2. women of childbearing age should not touch crushed or broken tablets
What are expected benefits of Finasteride? (3 components)
- Reduce prostate growth
- May see some effect in 1-2 weeks,
- Full effect at 3-6 months.
What are five (5) expected side effects of Finasteride?
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Dizziness
- Decreased libido
- Sexual dysfunction
- Impotence
How do you administer ALL forms of Metronidazole? (2 components)
- Do NOT take alcohol or products containing alcohol while on this regimen, and until 3 days after completion[causes severe vomiting]
- Finish full course even if symptoms improve.
What additional administration points are required for immediate-release tablets Metronidazole?
- May take with food to minimize GI upset
What additional administration points are required for extended-release tablets Metronidazole?
- Take on an empty stomach [1 hour before or 2 hours after meal]
What are expected benefits of Metronidazole? (2 components)
- Can take a few days to see symptom improvement,
2. Finish full course of antibiotics, even if feeling better.
What are five (5) expected side effects of Metronidazole?
- Upset stomach
- Metallic taste
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Headache
How do you administer ALL forms of Montelukast?
- Take in the evening,
2. Will NOT treat an asthma attack already in progress.
What additional administration points are required for granule Montelukast?
- May be administered directly into mouth,
- OR Dissolved into 5 mL of baby formula, breast milk, applesauce, carrots, rice or ice cream; do not add to any foods not on list
- Administer within 15 minutes of opening packet
What are expected benefits of Montelukast?
- Prevention of asthma symptoms,
2. Starts working after first dose.
What are two (2) expected side effects of Montelukast?
- Headache
2. Dizziness
How do you administer ALL forms of potassium chloride?
- Take with meals,
2. and Full glass of water to prevent GI irritation
What additional administration points are required for capsule potassium chloride?
- Swallow whole, do not crush or chew,
2. Capsule may be opened and sprinkled on a spoonful of applesauce or pudding and swallowed immediately without chewing
What additional administration points are required for tablet potassium chloride?
- Swallow whole, do not crush, chew or suck on tablet,
- May be broken in half and each half swallowed separately,
- the whole tablet may be dissolved in 4 oz of water [2 mins to dissolve, stir, drink immediately]
What additional administration points are required for powder potassium chloride?
- dissolve in 4-5 oz of water prior to administration
What additional administration points are required for solution potassium chloride?
- may be diluted in 4-6 oz of water or fruit juice prior to administration
What are expected benefits of potassium chloride?
- Increase levels of intracellular potassium,
2. Not likely to notice benefits, monitor potassium levels
What are four (4) expected side effects of potassium chloride?
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal discomfort
How do you administer Terazosin?
- Take at same time each day [bedtime]
2. First-dose syncope can be avoided with bedtime dosing.
What are expected benefits of Terazosin?
- Alleviate symptoms of Benign prostatic hypertrophy
2. Notice effects after first dose.
What are three (3) expected side effects of Terazosin?
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Muscle Weakness
