Pavlov

Question 1

what was Pavlovs study abt?

Answer 1

classical conditioning on dogs, demonstated how dogs could learn to assosiate a neutral stimulus (bell) with unconditioned stimulus (food), leading to conditioned responce (Saliva). Learning by assosiatiion

Question 2

AO1 aim + procedure

Answer 2

investigate how dogs learn through assosiation
procedure: pavlov placed dogs in a controlled lab setting. presented food (UCS) and measured salivation (UCR). Bell (NS)–> paired w food. Eventually, bell (CS) alone triggered salivation (CR)
findings: dogs learnt to salivate at sound of bell

Question 3

How did Pavlov have scientific credibility

Answer 3

Controlled lab conditions, eliminating extraneous variables.
Use of objective measurements, enhances reliability
supports psychology as a science

Question 4

Pavlov Real world applications

Answer 4

Explains phobias (Watson+Rayner’s ‘‘Little Albert’’ study)
used in systematic desensitisation therapy for anxiety disorders
shows practical value of classical conditioning

Question 5

how does Pavlov lack ecological validity?

Answer 5

artificial setting, dogs behaviour may not reflect real life learning
(finding not generalise to natural environment)

Question 6

Name the animal research issues of Pavlov

Answer 6

1. Dogs brains differ- not generalisable
2. Ethics, restrained, bad conditions, surgically altered to measure salivation–> animal welfare and ethical research practices

Question 7

Exlplain how Pavlov is reductionist

Answer 7

Oversimplification- ignores cognitive and biological predispositions in learning. Operant conditioning and social learning offer alternative explanations

Question 8

Real world evidence of pavlov

Answer 8

1. advertising- companies use classical conditioning to create positive assosiations with products
   eg Celeb (UCS) paired with brand (NS), leading to positive emotion (CR) when ppl see the brand.
   result: consumers assosiate brand with desirable feelings- more likely to buy