Patterns in the Periodic Table Flashcards
Elements are arranged in ________ order in the periodic table
increasing proton number
Group 1 elements are known as
alkali metals
Group 17 elements are known as
Halogens
Group 18 elements are known as
Noble Gasses
Group 3-11 elements are known as
Transitio Metals
Elements in the same period have
the same number of electron shells
Elements in the same group have
the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties
What are metalloids?
Elements that have properties of metals and non-metals
Examples of Metalloids
B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At
What increases down a group and why?
Atomic size. Increase in electron shell number, so distance between nucleus and valence electrons increases
What decreases down a period and why?
Atomic size. Number of protons in nucleus increases, number of inner electron shells remains the same, leads to stronger electrostatic forces of attraction between nucleus and valence electrons, valence electrons are pulled closer to nucleus
What is a metallic character?
Defined by how readily an atom can lose an electron
How does the metallic character of an element change across a period?
Decreases across the period
How does the metallic character of an element change across a group?
Increases down a group
Why does X have the least metallic character?
It has the smallest atomic radius, distance between nucleus and valence electrons is the smallest, so electrostatic forces of attraction between nucleus and valence electrons is the strongest, easiest to gain electrons, so least metallic character
