PATOLOGIE RECTULUI Flashcards

1
Q

NOTIUNI ANATOMICE

A

SEG TERMINAL AL TUB DIGESTIV
ARE 3 CURBE FIZIOLOGIE (VALVULE HOUSTON) 2 DR SI 1 STG
PERITON ACOPERA 1/3 SUP A FATA ANT
PARTEA NEACOPERITA DE PERITONEU ESTE ACOPERITA DE MEZORECT
FASCIA PRESACRATA ACOPERA VENE PRESACRATE SI SACRU
FASCIA WELDEYER SEPARA RECT DE SACRA

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2
Q

IMPORTANTA FASCIA WELDEYER

A
SEPARA RECT DE SACRU
HEMOSTAZIA INTRAOP
EVITAREA LEZARI PLEX NERVOS CU ROL IN ERECTIE, MICTIUNI SI CONTINENTA VEZICALA
EVITAREA DISEMARI NEOPLAZIC INTRA OP
EVITAREA PLEX VENOS PRESACRAT
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3
Q

PROLAPS RECTAL GENERALITATI

A

REPREZINTA EXTERIORIZARE STRUCTURILE RECTALE DIN ORIFICIUL ANAL
AFECTEAZA COPII SI VARSTNICII
AFECTEAZA DES SEX FEMININ
SE POATE ASOCIA CU TULB NEUROPSIHICE
MAJ DE PAC REPREZ INCONSTINENTA MATERII FECALE

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4
Q

FACTORI IMPLICATII IN PR

A
MEZORECT LUNG 
LIGAMENT LAX
PLANEU PELVIAN SLAB
TONUS ANU-SFINCTERIAN SLAB
CRESTEREA PRES INTRAOB
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5
Q

FACTORII FAVORIZANTII IN PR

A
DIMINUAREA TONUS MUSCULAR LA VARSTNICII
TESUT COLAGEN LAX
MULTIPARITATEA
TRAUMATISM ANO-RECTAL
EPISODE DIAREICE FRECVENTE
HEMOROIZII
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6
Q

DX + AL PROLAPS COMPLET

A
REDUCTIL LA TAXIS
MUCOASE AFECTATE
PREZ ULCERATII IN FAZE AVANSATE 
SE POATE ASOCIA CU PROLAPS UTERIN
HIDROCEL
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7
Q

DD DE PR

A

HEMOROIZII PROLOBATII INTERN: DURERE, FEBRA
TUMOR ANOCUTANATE (BIOSPIE)
TUMOR RECTALE SI SIGMOIDIENE CU PROLAPS SECUNDAR (IRIGOGRAFIA/COLONSCOPIE)

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8
Q

COMPLICATII PR

A

INFLAMATORI: LEZ DE DIVERSE GRADE
MECANICE: STRANGULARE PROLAPS RECTAL, HEDROCEL
INCONTINENTA PT MATERII FECALE

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9
Q

TRATAMENT PR

A

TX MEDICAL SE ADRESEAZA PROLAPS INCOMPLET:
IGIENE LOCALA
SOLUTII DEZINFECTANTE
AINS PE CALE SISTEMICA
COMBATAREA FACTORI FAVORIZANT
UNGUENTE CU ROL ANTIINFLAMATOR SI CICARIZANT

TX CHIRURGICAL: 
SE ADRESEAZA PROLAPS COMPLET:
* CERCLAJUL
* PROCTOSIGMOIDECTOMIE
* RECTOPEXIE
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10
Q

TUMORI BENIGNE RECTALE

A

TUMORI EPITELIALE: POLIP

  • ADENOM TUBULAR, VILOS
  • PILOPOZA RECTOCOLICA

TUMORI CONJUNCTIVE:
MEZENCHIMALE:

  • FIBROM
  • LIPOM
  • NEURINOM
  • ANGIOM
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11
Q

Adenom TUBULAR vs VILOS

A

TUBULAR: FERM, ROTUND OVALR, PEDICULAR, ASX, RISC DE MALIGNIZARE
VILOS: MOALE, VEGETANT, SANGERAREA, RISC MAI MARE DE MALIGNIZARE, PRODUCE MUCUS ABUNDENT

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12
Q

POLIPOZA RECTOCOLICA

A

NR NEDEFINIT DE POLIP ADENOMATOSI TUBULAR
POATE AFECTEAZA INTREGUL COLON -> PROCTO COLECTOMIE TOTALA
UNEORI LIMITATA LA COLON STG SI RECT

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