Patients/Practitioners Flashcards
Outline Jewson’s model about the disappearance of the sickman
three part schematic model, in which each process increasingly silences the patient
- bedside
- hospital
- laboratory
What is the best way to use Jewson’s model?
A three horizontal schemas/categories of analysis, rather than a hierarchical progressive model of change over time
How many times does Samuel Pepys mention health
439
42 times- consults help, not always with medical men.
What is the social history of the patient?
History from below- recover the dynamics of illness and healing- interactions betwen practitioners and patients through practice and institutions
What is the cultural history of the patient?
Recover socially embedded meanings of illness and healing through attentiveness of language and discourse and issues of subjectivity and representations.
What is the Christian doctrine of the flesh
Flesh is tainted- soul is immortal.
What is the Foucaldian turn?
Foucault = body becomes the site in which the state enacts power
History of the body = corrective to history of the mind- don’t just focus on things/products of intellectual activity (ie. Galenism and the history of the body often less compatible in reality)
What are Kassell’s four ways of looking at the body?
- Social/cultural history
- Learned definitions (theology and medicine)
- Gendered bodies (Duden)
- Fluid bodies (emotions and excrement)
What were three things believed to cause sickness?
1) unhealthy environment
2) result of maleficum
3) fallen condition of mankind (original sin)
What does Roy Porter argue was primary care for early modern patients?
Primary care = self-care: self-medication part and parcel of comprehensive lay medical culture.
Did self-care complement or countermand?
Complement: humanist physicians commonly recommended relatively non-medical remedies, and within this framework, patients were required to be active rather than passive.
Did the expansion of professional medicine in the 18th century stimulate or suppress lay medication?
Stimulate - flood of self care literature was printed. It’s a mistake to regard amateur self medicine pre 19th century as radically opposed to regular professional mediicn.e
How many of Napier’s case studies cited conflict over courtship or marriage as a reason for insanity?
40%
what was the case of Joannes Gronevelt
Groenevelt - Dutch doctor- educated Leiden - moved London 1674-75
1694 case of Suzannah Withall: claimed Groenevelt had prescribed her a dose of cantharides that had left her more seriously ill than before she consulted him - taken up by the College of Physicians, Groenevelt consigned to Newgate jail, lost much of his practice.
Case = patient power, but also weakening of the College of Physicians authority - illustrated disagreement within the ranks, illustrated the inappropriateness of college having the power to impose penalties on the basis of therapeutic judgements where there was no unanimous informed decision.
What was the impact of the reformation on childbirth?
Pre-Reformation: pregnant women taught to identify with the Virgin Mary
Post-Reformation: this option was no long open to them officially. Reformation turned devotional practices associated with childbirth into politically sensitive topics.
How did the Tudor and Stuart governments respond to concerns about insanity
Refurbished traditional institutions to help families bear the burden of ‘harbouring a madman’.
What did King James I instruct about lunatics?
That they are freely committed to their best and nearest friends -> court usually appointed relatives or friends of mad landowners to their care and property preservation.
What were parishes obliged to do with the insane after 1601?
Treat impoverished madmen as ‘deserving poor’ who like orphans and cripples were unable to work.
What were the methods of explaining insanity?
- divine retribution
- diabolical possession
- witchcraft
- astrological influences
- humoral imbalance
Cure = remove cause of the disturbance, lunacy as a temporary state.
How does Porter argue sick in EMP viewed their illness
A bodily malfunction caused by unhealthy environment, or result of malefic, or fallen condition of mankind
What did diet or regimen help prevent?
dis-ease
Why is Foucault irrelevant?
Idea of the medical gaze presupposes a role scripted by the scenario of the medical system - by wary of retrospectively imposing current sociological models on the past- patient practitioner relationship rarely a two way system - involvement of wider community and kinship.
