Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Year 3 Sem1 patient > Patient semester 1 : contraception > Flashcards

Patient semester 1 : contraception Flashcards

1
Q

when is day 1 of the cycle ?

A

For women not taking HC, day 1 is the first day of the period
For women taking HC, day 1 is the first day of the packet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens when too many pills are missed

A

ovaries no longer dormant, become active again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HFI is

A

hormone free interval - typically break for period (withdrawal bleed)
still have contraceptive cover
but oestrogen break needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ed pills

A

sugar placebo pills taken in 7 day break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ethanol estradial (EE)

A

type of oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

used in a lot pills

also EHC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

transdermal patch

A

replaced weekly, combined so need 1 week without patch

releases oestrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vaginal ring

A

inserted for 21 days , 7 days

releases oestrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

unopposed oestrogen

A

uncontrolled uterine lining growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

PO tablet

A

28 daily - no pill free period

very light/ no period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DPMA

A

injection - must be bang on every 8 or 12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Noroethisterone

A

injection - low doses 350mcg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

implant

A

lasts for 3 years
LARC
eteongestral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

intrauterine device system (IUS)

A

slow release/ long acting reversible contraceptives (LARC)

Levonorgestrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe the different type of contraceptives devices available

A

spermicidal gel to be used in conjunction with barrier methods e.g. condom, diaphragm (keep in place for 6 hours)
IUD- can be hormonal (copper) or non hormonal (plastic) replaced every 5-10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the groups of hormonal contraceptives

A

combined hormonal contraceptives (oestrogen and progesterone)
Progesterone only contraceptives
devices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does triphasic and biphasic mean

A

tri- 3 diff pills taken ,

bi - 2 different types of tablets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

describe mechanism of action for CHC

A 
• Primary action - inhibit ovulation  
Thickened cervical mucus and altered endometrium
	• Oestrogen – 
	• endometrial proliferation
 progestogen opposes proliferation

Hormonal contraceptives inhibit or stop ovulation however if an egg is released then it will slow it down ,
Synthetic oestrogens inhibit FSH release by negative feedback – supressing follicular development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe mechanism of action for POC

A

• Suppression of ovulation
• Thickens cervical mucus, stops/delays ovum transport, renders endometrium hostile to implantation,
reduced cilia activity in FT ( iff egg released slows egg movement to uterus, more likely to miss the uterine implantation period)
• Various mechanisms to various degrees

20
Q

give an example of a triphasic pill

A

zoely - 4 day bleed

21
Q

name 2 progesterone like drugs

A

norothisterone and desogestral

22
Q

what are the most effective contraceptives

A

formulations independent of user e.g. injection (least because done every 3 months), implant,IUD, IUS more reliable

CHC and POC 8% fail rare

23
Q

can breastfeeding prevent pregnancy?

A

yes LAM
if your are fully breastfeeding
baby under 6 months
no periods

24
Q

what determines contraceptive choice?

A

patient choice
• Medical conditions ?
• Medication ? DDI?
• UKMEC* categories for contraindications (valproate)
• Advise on other suitable methods and offer if appropriate
• Discuss advantages, disadvantages, risks, efficacy, adverse effects and when to seek advice
• Advise on how to start HC
• CHC regimens – standard and tailored
• Advise on missed/late pill/use of vaginal ring
• Need for ‘Quick-starting’ contraception - start at any point in period
• Start at any point of the cycle
• Most people are started on the day of their period or within 5 days of it starting
• Quick-starting contraception – exclude pregnancy and advise additional precautions

25
Q

name advantages of COC?

A

menstrual period regular, lighter, less painful
reduction in acne
reduced risk of ovarian, uterine and colon cancer

26
Q

name disadvantages of COC?

A

minor ADRs - nausea, tender breasts, cyclical weight gain
loss of libido, vaginal discharge, breakthrough bleeding

increased risk of high blood pressure , MI, stroke, venous thromboembolism, breast cancer, cervical cancer

because of oestrogen mainly

27
Q

advantages of POC?

A

high efficacy

less likely to get endometrial cancer, benign treat disease, uterine fibroids, anaemia

28
Q

Disadvantages of POC

A

ADRs - acne, headache,depression, loss of.libido , weight gain ,vaginal dryness, menstrual irregularities
reduced efficacy in obesity

increase risk of functional ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, breast cancer

29
Q

when taking COC what is the definition of a missed pill?

A

24 hours late or more
if 2 pills are missed i.e. more than 24 hours late - no cover , UPSI needs EHC
if started on day 6 or later ice, quick starting
build cover again (7 days

30
Q

when taking POP what is the definition of a missed pill?

A

3hrs (old) /12 hours
if you miss one pills ,cover comprimised
continue pills with 2 days extra precaution

31
Q

what UKMEC category can’t be prescribed COC

A 
category 4 :
breast feeding and 6 week post partum
over 35  +15 cigs a day
multiple CVS rise 
consistently elevated BP 
vascular disease and history of VTE 
migraine with aura (flashing light)
current breast cancer
diabetes ( nephropathy,retinopathy,neruopathy)
lupus
32
Q

which contraception increases cardio risk?

A

COC - likely oestrogen related

33
Q

how would you advise a patient starting a COC on day 3 of their natural cycle?

A

no additional precautions needed - day 1-5 effective immediately as starting within period/withdrawal bleed

34
Q

how would you advise a patient starting a COC on day 6 of their natural cycle?

A

patient is quick starting additional precautions needed

will take 7 days to build cover up

35
Q

how would you advise a patient starting a POP on day 3 of their natural cycle?

A

no additional precautions needed - day 1-5 effective immediately

36
Q

how would you advise a patient starting a POP on day 14 of their natural cycle?

A

patient is quick starting additional precautions needed
will take 2 days to build cover up
starting in the middle of cycle also delays next period (if it comes)

37
Q

desogestrel (cerazette) is an example of what type of contraceptive?

A

a POP

38
Q

how do you advise a patient changing from a COC to a POP?

A 
ensure they were taking COC correctly
exclude pregnancy 
additional precautions for 2 days
take all your active pills and then skip pill free period and start the POP immediately
new pill is effective immediately

if they are already in their pill free period, start POP immediately and use additional precautions for 2 days

39
Q

how do you advise a patient changing from a POP to a COC?

A

will require 7 days to rebuild cover, additional precautions needed
Qlaira, triphasic pill needs additional precautions for 9 days

40
Q

describe what advice to give if a patient misses 1 zoely active pill?

A

if it is more than 12 hours late then EHC indicated

41
Q

what advice is given for vomiting and diarrhoea

A

vomiting within 2 hours or persistent diarrhoea over 24 hrs,

42
Q

name the 3 different options for emergency contraception

A

nono hormonal copper iud
levonelle - 1.5mg levonorgestrel

ellaone - 30mg ulipristal acetate

43
Q

Courtney takes logynon ED
she missed day 1,14, and 24. sexual intercourse day 25
does she need EHC

A

no, cover not compromised
day 1 - elongated pill free period, built up cover again
day 24 is placebo pill

44
Q

Courtney takes logynon ED
she missed day 13,14, and 24
sexual intercourse on day 19
does she need EHC

A

yes

cover hast been built back up since day 14

45
Q

Courtney takes logynon ED
she missed day 13,14, and 24
sexual intercourse on day 25
does she need EHC

A

no cover built sufficiently

46
Q

Khloe takes Noriday (POP) (traditional ). she missed one pill on day 6 and had sex on day 9. does she need EHC

A

no

cover has been built back up (2 day +

Pharm Year 3 Sem1 patient (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions