patient safety

Question 1

The pulse sequence that should be utilized the least in a patient with implanted metallic hardware is:

Answer 1

Gradient echo

Question 2

: A patient with a history of _______ should have their GFR checked prior to the administration of IV contrast.

A. Kidney disease
B. Hypertension
C. Diabetes
D. All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

Adequate patient care dictates a patient having an MRI should be __________ monitored.

Answer 3

Visually and/or verbally

Question 4

Patient types who may require additional monitoring while undergoing an MR exam might include:

A. Patients with limited vocal and/or auditory ability
B. Critical and/or unresponsive patients
C. Pediatric (with or without sedation)
D. Claustrophobic patients
E. All of the above

Answer 4

All of the above

Question 5

The effect by which a patient may experience a visual stimulation, described as “seeing stars”, is known as:

Answer 5

Magnetophosphenes

Question 6

When moving blood enters a magnetic field, an effect on the ECG seen as a “T wave swelling” or spike occurs, also known as:

Answer 6

Magnetohydrodynamic effect

Question 7

Regions of the body that do not quickly dissipate thermal absorption from SAR during MR procedures are

Answer 7

Eyes and testicles

Question 8

The following items are typically permitted access to enter a high field MRI system during an MRI guided core biopsy:

A. Stainless steel scissors
B. Iron-housed spotlight
C. Aluminum interventional equipment
D. Sterile nonferrous biopsy tray
E. None of the above
F. C and/or D

Answer 8

C and/or D

Question 9

Prior to entering the MRI scan room, a patient should be screened for:

A. Surgical history/implants
B. Pregnancy
C. Prior trauma or injury
D. All of the above

Answer 9

All of the above

Question 10

During a quench, patients and employees should be evacuated from the scan room to prevent __________.

A. Ruptured tympanic membranes
B. Frostbite and asphyxiation
C. Subdural hematoma
D. All of the above
E. A and B

Answer 10

A and B

Question 11

The primary biological effect of radiofrequency fields is ____________.

Answer 11

Tissue heating

Question 12

As the flip angle is doubled, the RF absorption increases by a factor of __________.

Answer 12

4

Question 13

The minimum acceptable method for detection of intra-ocular ferrous foreign bodies is:

Answer 13

X-ray

Question 14

A more accurate method of detecting small intra-ocular ferrous foreign bodies is:

Answer 14

Cat Scan

Question 15

The percentage of patients reported to have reactions to gadolinium MRI contrast are:

Answer 15

: Less than 1%

Question 16

: It is ___________ that every patient having an MRI be provided auditory protection in the form ______________.

Answer 16

Recommended; earplugs and/or headphones

Question 17

The general public is limited to a magnetic field of ___________?

Answer 17

5 Gauss

Question 18

The FDA limit on time varying magnetic fields is __________.

Answer 18

Once the patient experiences peripheral nerve stimulation

Question 19

Cables from RF coils and gating leads should be:

Answer 19

Braided and positioned straight in the bore

Question 20

RF heating is more of a concern in ________ sequences.

Answer 20

: Fast spin echo

Question 21

When would sterile technique be utilized?

A. Upon receiving an isolation patient in the MRI suite
B. When placing ECG leads on a patient’s chest for a cardiac MR
C. When performing any procedure that would puncture a patient’s skin
D. All of the above

Answer 21

When performing any procedure that would puncture a patient’s skin

Question 22

Risk factors of MR exposure with regards to SAR absorption include all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 22

Hypotension

Question 23

The fringe magnetic field:

Answer 23

Can cause nearby medical devices to malfunction

Question 24

SAR stands for

Answer 24

: Specific absorption rate

Question 25

FDA limits for whole body SAR is ______ over 15 minutes of scanning

Answer 25

4 W/kg