Patient Observations Flashcards
Signs of stressed dogs
Whale eyes, licked lips, yawing, pacing, low wag of tail
Signs of a happy dog
Engaging socially, relaxed, show belly
Technique to alleviate stress
Pheromone diffusers, no eye contact, slow movements, quite, sent, cat waiting area, let them explore the consultation room, cover carrier
Signs of a stressed cat
Swishing tail, raised hairs, backed up in corner, ears pulled back
Signs of a happy cat
Purring, relaxed tail, ears forward
Assessing the patient steps
Subjective- watch for afar, gait, responsive
Objective- facts figures, head to toe, TPR after head to toe assessment
Assessment
Planning
Head to toe assessment- what to look for
Head- symmetrical, drooping, posture, lymph nodes
Nostrils- discharge, moist, air flow, mouth breathing
Oral cavity- mucous membranes (capillary refill time, colour? Tounge( alters), hard and soft palates, jaw movement/ alignment
Eyes- open, sensitive to light, same eye size, sunken?, producing?, discharge, bright and clear
Ears- discharge, built up wax, foreign bodies, ectoparasites
Skin/hair- alopecia, coat condition, shinny, skin condition, rashes, cuts and abrasions, end parasites, skin elssisticy
Forelimbs- movement, gait, range of movement
Thorax- respiration rate and effort, sound, bones
Abdomen- visual, palpation, posture, internal organs
Pelvis and hind limbs- movement, flexibility, femoral pulse, hairy
Tail- damage? Voluntarily movement
Anus and perineum- soiling, discharge, mass?, anal glands, prolapse, perineal rupture
Reproductive organs, descended testes, injured penis, discharge, swelling
TPR
What does stertor mean
Noise on inspiration
What does stridor mean
Noise on expiration
What does pale mm mean
Poor perfusion, anaemia? Haemorrhage?
What does red mm mean
Sepsis? Fever? Congested tissue?
What does blue mm mean
Hypoxaemia
Respiratory difficulties?
What does yellow mm mean
Liver disease?
RBC destruction?
Bile problems?
What does blepharospasm mean
Squinting
What does entropion mean
Internal rotation of the eyelid margin
What does ectropion mean
External rotation of the eyelid margin
What does anisocoria
Unequal pupil size
What is proposition test
Naughty toes
What does anuria mean
Not urinating
What does dysuria mean
Difficulty urinating
What does haematuria mean
Blood in urine
What does polyuria mean
Excessive urine
What should be noted about patients urine
Volume, smell, colour, blood?
Avg. urine volume in dog and cat
1-2ml/kg/hr
What does polydipsia mean
Drinking too much
What are you looking for in dedication
Colour, shape, smell, consistency
What does tenesmus mean
Straining to pass poo
What does melanoma mean
Old blood in feases
What does haematocgezia mean?
Fresh blood in poo
What does inappetence mean
Not eating
What does dysphasia mean
Difficulty eating
What does pica mean
Off appetite for unusual foods
Coproohagia meaning
Eating own poo
Causes for vomiting on patient
Dehydration, loss of electrolytes, decreased body mass
Vomiting on hospital records
Consistency, what’s in it, frequency of vomiting, blood?
What to look out for in coughing
Contagious, moist, dry, harsh
General signs of pain
Reluctance to move, body posture, restlessness, fear, depressed, agression, abnormal urination/ defecation, inappetence
