Patient History, Interviewing

Question 1

What are the primary function of the medical interview?

Answer 1

information gathering, relationship building, patient education

Question 2

What are closed questions?

Answer 2

questions generating a quick response or Yes/No question

Question 3

What does the acronym PEARLS stand for?

Answer 3

Partnership - HCP and pt in this together
Empathy - understanding and concern for pt
Apology - HCP is sorry pt has to wait, painful procedure, etc
Respect - Acknowledgment of pt suffering, anxiety, fear
Legitimization - pt may be angry, frustrated, depressed
Support - HCP will be there for pt and will not abandon

Question 4

What is the primary goal of the pt interview?

Answer 4

to identify the patient’s CC

Question 5

T/F. As a sonographer, you must never assume the role of other medical personnel

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What factors are included in a pt’s CC?

Answer 6

LSD FRF DP
Location, Severity, Date
Factors, Relief, Frequency
Duration, Progression

Question 7

What are significant Medical Hx to consider?

Answer 7

Cardiac history, HTN, Neurological DO (CVA,TIA), Cholesterol, Surgeries, injuries, infections, Renal Dz, CA, Vascular Dz, Clotting abnormalities, DVT Hx, Medications

Question 8

What are significant Psychosocial Hx?

Answer 8

Occupation, Tobacco, Drugs, Activity level, Stress, Alcohol, Trips

Question 9

Family Hx questions?

Answer 9

Arterial Dz (esp. aneurysms)
Venous Dz (esp. varicose veins, genetic clotting factors)
Cholesterolemia

Question 10

What Physical Assessment should you do?

Answer 10

Extremity color
Edema or muscle atrophy
Lesions and their location
Skin ulceration / Gangrene
Pulse palpation (presence, rate, equality, strength) Aneurysmal?

Question 11

What risk factors should you document?

Answer 11

Diabetes, Cardiac Dz, Hx Peripheral Vascular Dz, HTN, Smoking

Question 12

How many people have Diabetes in the US?

Answer 12

25.8 Million

Question 13

What is the treatment for type I Diabetes?

Answer 13

Insulin
Pancreas Transplant
Balance Insulin, Activity, and Carbohydrate intake

Question 14

What are some complications of diabetes?

Answer 14

Stroke, HTN, Heart Dz, Vas Dz, Foot problems, eye dz, Renal Dz, Neuropathy

Question 15

Diabetes is the leading cause of __________ in 20-74 yo

Answer 15

blindness

Question 16

People with diabetes are _______ times more likely to develop heart dz

Answer 16

2-4

Question 17

People with diabetes are ________ times more likely to have a stroke.

Answer 17

2-4

Question 18

What are the risk factors for type II diabetes?

Answer 18

Age (over 45 yo)
Family history of DM
Overweight, Sedentary life style
Low HDL
Women who had gestational diabetes

Question 19

In the medical record, anything _____ ____________ was not done.

Answer 19

not recorded

Question 20

What are risk factors for Carotid Artery Dz?

Answer 20

HTN
Smoking
DM
Hyperlipidemia
Obesity

Question 21

HTN increases the risk of stroke by _______ times.

Answer 21

5-10

Question 22

What are the characteristics of a carotid territory TIA?

Answer 22

Unilateral weakness, Unilateral Sensory problems
Difficulty speaking (Aphasia, Dysarthria)
Amaurosis Fugax

Question 23

What are the characteristics of a vertebrobasilar territory TIA?

Answer 23

Bilateral weakness and sensory symptoms
5 Ds (Diplopia, Dizziness, Dysarthria, Dysequilibrium, Dysphagia)

Question 24

What are preventative treatments for CAD?

Answer 24

Antiplatelet agents (ASA, Plavix)
Anticoags (Coumadin)
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA)
Carotid Stent