Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

History and Physical 1 > Patient Encounter > Flashcards

Patient Encounter Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is subjective data?

A

Involves what the patient tells you, the history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is objective data?

A

What you detect during the examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is involved in the comprehensive assessment of the adult?

A

Identifying data and source of history, reliability, chief complaint, HPI, past hx, family hx, personal and social hx, review of systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is important to meausure in the general survey of the pt?

A

Weight and BMI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BMI of obesity class 1

A

30.0-34.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

BMI of obesity class 2

A

35.0-39.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Extreme obesity BMI

A

> or equal to 40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The risk for heart disease and obesity-related diseases increases significantly if what?

A

Female waist is 35 in or more and male is 40 in or more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can breath odors indicate?

A

Presence of alcohol, acetone (diabetes), pulmonary infections (lung abscess), uremia or liver failure (fetor hepaticus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some examples of posture abnormalities?

A

Kyphosis, Lordosis, Scoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

There is a preference or sitting upright in what?

A

Left sided heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

There is a preference for leaning forward with arms braced in what?

A

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the two most critical portions of a physical exam?

A

General appearance of patients and the vital signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 4 vital signs?

A

BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the “true blood pressure”

A

Average blood pressure measured over several office visits or from home over a one week period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood pressures should be taken where?

A

On both arms atleast once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prehypertension

A

120-139/80-89

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stage 1 HTN

A

140-159/90-99

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stage 2 HTN

A

> 160/>100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diabetes or renal disease BP

A

<130/<80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is more predictive of CVD and end-organ damage?

A

Home and ambulatory more predictive than conventional office measurements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the cut-off for normal home, ambulatory, and office BP?

A

135/85

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

White coat HTN

A

Office blood pressure is high but ambulatory pressures are normal, CVD risk is normal to slightly increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Masked HTN

Study These Flashcards
A

Office BP is normal but ambulatory BP is high, indicating high risk of CVD

25
Nocturnal HTN
Physiologic BP dip which occurs at night
26
A nocturnal fall of what is associated with poor CV outcomes?
<10% of daytime values
27
Where should the arm be positioned when taking BP?
At heart level
28
Width of the inflatable bladder should be about __% of arm circumference
40
29
Length of the inflatable bladder should be about __% of the arm circumference
80
30
How far away from the antecubital crease should the BP cuff be
2.5 cm
31
Auscultatory gap
A silent interval that may be present between the systolic and diastolic pressures
32
Pressure differences of more than 10-15 mmHg in each arm mean what?
Subclavian steal syndrome and aortic dissection
33
HTN in upper extremities and low BP in legs
Coarctation of the aorta and occlusive aortic disease
34
If the cuff is too small...
BP will read high
35
If the cuff is too big on a small arm..
BP will read low
36
If the cuff is too big on a big arm..
BP will read high
37
The average oral temperature
37 degrees C
38
Rectal temperatures are typically
Higher by an average of 0.4 to 0.5 C
39
Axillary temperatures are typically
Lower than oral by approximately 1 degree C, considered less accurate than other measurements
40
What core temp is most reliable?
Rectal
41
Oral temperatures is not recommended when?
When pts are unconscious, restless, or unable to close their mouths
42
What is pain called when found on a physical exam?
Tenderness
43
What are the 4 classic techniques of physical exam
1. Inspection 2. Palpation 3. Percussion 4. Auscultation
44
What is percussion used for?
Utilized to evoke a sound wave such as resonance or dullness from the underlying tissue or organs
45
What are bruits?
Turbulent sounds that can be auscultated over arterial vessels
46
What side is preferred to exam the patients from?
Patients right side is standard
47
Comprehensive assessment
For pts your seeing for the fist time, includes all elements of the health hx and complete physical exam
48
Focused or problem oriented assessment
Routine care or pts with specific urgent care concerns
49
What is important to do when preparing for physical exams?
Most important: check the equipment ahead of time
50
What are the 3 general goals of a physical exam?
1. Maximize pts comfort 2. Avoid unnecessary changes in postion 3. Enhance clinical efficiency
51
Major function of the skin
Keep body in homeostasis
52
Central cyanosis
Low level of oxygen in the arterial blood, very ominous
53
Peripheral cyanosis
When cutaneous blood flow decreases and slows, can be a normal response to anxiety or cold environments
54
Approximately __ of melanomas are initially detected by the patient
50%
55
The average pt has how many moles?
15-30
56
What are some common types of moles or nevi?
Junctional, Intradermal, or Compound
57
Mobility
How easily the skin lifts up
58
Turgor
How quickly the skin returns into place

History and Physical 1 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions