Patient Care- History Flashcards
prepatient
check for previous pertinent imaging studies
check lab work if available
prepare exam room and putpatient info into machine
where is patient?
determine where the patient is: emergency room, outpatient waiting room, inpatient room
if inpatient, look at:
isolation status, any prep needed?, any special considerations for age?, any other tests ordered, try to do in one transport, any labs needed?
patient in room-prescanning
check physician’s orders
ask relevant history/current complaints/check mother’s well-being (OB)
explain exam well, obtain verbal consent for endovaginal scanning
ask if there are any questions
follow standard precautions: proper hand washing, proper cleaning of equipment
patient scanning
warm room
warm gel
protect patient modesty
treat patient with respect
if OB patients lie supine, blood pressure may drop due to compression of the IVC
have patient lay on left side
post scan
no diagnosis can be given to the patient
explain our role as a sonographer
explain the Radiologists role
OB pictures/CD
making sure patient has all questions answered before leaving
make sure patient can find their way out of the department
examination techniques
Full urinary bladder for transabdominal pelvic scanning
the top of the bladder, past the fundus of the uterus
Empty urinary bladder on transvaginal scanning
Lower frequency for obese patients
GYN table or cushion under buttocks for TV scanning
cavitation
A result of pressure changes in soft tissue causing formation of gas bubbles
Stable cavitaion-involves microbubbles already in soft tissue, that change in diameter with the passing pressure variations of the sound wave
Transient cavitation-occurs when the microbubble collapses, producing pressure shockwaves, localized extremely high temps and light emission in clear liquids
has the potential for significant destructive effects
MI mechanical index-indicator of cavitation
Invivo, In vitro, epidemiologic
Invivo- Latin for “within the living” experimentation using a whole, living, organism
In vitro- Latin for “in glass”, experimentation inside a test tube or lab dish
Epidemiologic- study of pop in order to determine frequency and distribution of disease and measure risks
Bioeffects
Handouts
ALARA
Important:
SPTA intensities of <1 W/cm-no bioeffects
AIUM official statements
Quality assurance
Hydrophones- measure the acoustic output of diagnostic instruments
Phantoms and test objects measure:
detail resolution, distance accuracy, compensation, sensitivity, dynamic range
