Patient Care Flashcards
Which blood vessels are best suited for determination of pulse rate?
A) Superficial Arteries
B) Deep Arteries
C) Superficial Veins
D) Deep Veins
A) Superficial Arteries
Diseases that require contact precautions include
1) MRSA 2) C-Diff 3) TB
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1,2, and 3
B) 1 and 2 only
Circumstances that could prevent an X-ray student from meeting ARRT cert requirements include..
1) Failing one or more courses in the X Ray program
2) Being suspended from an X-ray program
3) Being dismissed/expelled from an X-ray program
A) 1 only
B) 1 & 2 only
C) 2 & 3 only
D) 1, 2, & 3
C) 2 and 3 Only
For medical legal reasons, radiographic images are required to include all the following information except:
A) The patients name and/or Id number
B) The patients DOB
C) A right or left side marker
D) The date of the exam
B) A patients DOB
A radiographer who discloses confidential patient information to unauthorized individuals can be found guilty of:
A) Libel
B) Invasion of Privacy
C) Slander
D) Defamation
B) Invasion of Privacy
An iatrogenic infection is one caused by:
A) Physician Intervention
B) Blood-borne pathogens
C) Chemotherapy
D) Infected Droplets
A) Physician Intervention
Which of the below is the first step to be taken in the performance of a radiographic examination?
A) Obtain clinical history
B) Provide appropriate patient assistance
C) Verify patient identity
D) Use appropriate infection control
C) Verify patient identity
Which of the following drugs is used to treat dysrhythmias?
A) Epinephrine
B) Lidocaine
C) Nitroglycerin
D) Verapamil
B) Lidocaine
Examples of a portal of entry in the cycle of infection include..
1. A break in the skin. 2. Nasal mucous 3. Urinary Tract
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3
The radiographer can help to alleviate patient anxiety in the following ways ..
- Careful explanation of the procedure
- Avoiding use of complex medical terms
- Listening carefully
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3
Which of the following can be transmitted via infected blood?
- HBV 2. AIDS 3. TB
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
B) 1 and 2 only
Mechanical device used to correct an ineffectual cardiac rhythm is a …?
A) Defibrillator
B) Cardiac monitor
C) Crash cart
D) Resuscitation bag
A) Defibrillator
A small container holding several doses of medication is termed:
A) An ampoule
B) A vial
C) A bolus
D) A carafe
B) A vial
You have encountered a person who is apparently unconscious and unresponsive. There is no rise and fall of the chest, and you can hear no breath sounds. First you should:
A) Begin mouth to mouth rescue breathing giving two full breaths
B) Proceed with Heimlich maneuver
C) Begin with 30 external chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions/ min
D) Begin with 5 external chest compressions at a rate of 50 compression/ min
C) begin with 30 external chest compressions at a rate of 100 compressions/ min
A patient who is warm flushed or feverish is said to be
A) diaphoretic
B) Febrile
C) Cyanotic
D) Anxious
B) Febrile
The legal doctrine res ipsa loquitur means which of the following?
A) A matter settled by a precedent
B) A thing of matter settled by justice
C) The thing speaks for itself
D) Let the master answer
C) The thing speaks for itself
The incoming x-ray photons upon encountering a loosely bound outer shell electron, dislodge the electron from its orbit?
Compton scattering
The high speed electron ejected from its orbit is called a …?
Compton scattered electron
Acute Radiation syndrome
A) Hematopoetic syndrome ( ____ rem)
B) Gastrointestinal Syndrome ( ___ rem)
C) Central nervous symptom syndrome (____ rem)
A) 100 rem
B) 600 rem
C) 1000+ rem
Lethal dose = 50/30 ( ____ rad)
300 rad (which = 600 rem)
Short term effects…
A) ________ effects
B) ________ effects
C) ________ effects
- Latent Effects
- Manifest Effects
- Recovery Effects
Latent effects means …
Effects not seen
Manifest effects means …
Where effects are seen
Recovery effects means …
Death :o
Most protective lead apron should be _____ min and _____ max.
.25 minimum or .5 maximum
How to find out Retrospectic Dose …?
5 ( N -18) N= age
How much percent covered by lead apron ?
90 percent
Main 4 primary factors are?
Kvp, mA, distance and time
Embryonic tissue is very radiosensitive because cells are _____ and ________ dividing
Immature, rapidly dividing
Organogenesis stage is ____ thru _____ week of pregnancy
2nd and 6th week
The limit of rems thru the whole length of pregnancy is ..?
.5 rems is the limit
Which cells are most sensitive ?
Leukocytes are most sensitive
Somatic effects: short term as in _____ and long term as in ______?
Errythmia, and cancer
Embryonic and fetal risks: which trimester is most sensitive?
First trimester
Compton effect means _________ radiation
Photoelectric effects means ________ radiation
- Scattered radiation (only portion of it is absorbed by atom)
- Total absorption of X-ray photon
Rads= _____ (radiation absorbed dose)
Gray
Rem (radiation equivalent man) = ______ (unit of biological effect)
Seivert
Roentgen = ______ (unit of exposure in the air)
Cuolomb/kg
Focal spot mainly controls the _______ of the radiograph
Detail
Exposure is made at 100 mAs with 40” sid. To keep same density at 50” how much mAs should be done?
100 mAs = 40(2) 100 x 1600
—————— ? x 2500 (cross multiply then divide)
? mAs = 50 (2)
156.2 (150)
Why is mA cut in half when time is doubled.!
To maintain same density
Distortion = ______ and _______
True and magnification
Atomic # means…?
of protons in a nucleus of an atom
Purpose of developing solution ?
To turn latent image into a visible Image
Film emulsion consists of gelatin and _______ ________ crystals
Silver bromide
Occupational worker yearly dose is ____ rem and quarterly dose is ______ rem
Yearly dose is 5 rem
Quarterly dose is 1.25 rem
Filters are used to remove ______ energy photons (reduce skin dosage)
Low energy photons
Protective barriers protect you from ?
Radiation of useful beam
State law =
Title 17
Federal law =
10CFR20
____ is the dose for an occupational worker under the age of 18
1/10th
Greatest source of scattered radiation is ____
The patient
Eye problems caused by 100 rems of radiation are called ?
Cataracts
How much percent does protective barrier protect you?
99.87 %
Minimum amount of lead of shielding ____? And _____ for gonad shielding?
.25 lead
.5 lead for gonad shielding
Coles fracture mainly found in distal ______
Radius
Flexion and extension takes place on ___ and ___ on your neck
C1 and C2
Ionization occurs when electrons are removed from ____
Atoms
Current means ______ of electrons
Flow
Intensifying screens are either ______ ______ or ______ _______
Rare earth or calcium tunstate
Useful beam (primary beam) is ?
Beam which passes through the housing
Scattered radiation means ____?
Radiation passes through matter deviated in direction
Stray radiation means ___?
Radiation not serving any useful purpose
Remnant radiation means ___?
Passes thru the patient and tube the rest reaches the film
Grids are meant to reduce ________ radiation produced in the pt before it reaches x ray film
Scattered radiation
Filtration means filters made of ______ located in the useful X-ray beam to eliminate the less penetrating X-rays before reaching the pt
Aluminum
The heel effect is the result of the line focus principle that distributes radiation intensity more on the ______ side then on the ____ side.
Cathode then on the anode
Lead aprons = ___mm (97% dose reduction)
.25mm lead
Gonad shielding = ____mm (92% dose reduction)
0.5mm lead
Primary barriers = _____ inch lead and ____” high (99.87 dose reduction)
1/16th and 80” high
Annual occupational dose is _____ rem ?
5 rem
Annual dose limit for general public ____rem?
0.1 rem
Occupational dose for pregnant tech ______ rem?
0.5 rem
ALARA means?
As low as reasonably achievable
The requests for imaging services for hospital patients generally includes the following info.?
- Pt name and/or identification #
- Mode of travel to imaging department
- Name of referring physician
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1,2, and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3
A large volume of medication introduced intravenously over a period of time is termed ..
A) an IV
B) an infusion
C) a bolus
D) a hypodermic
B) an infusion
A legal document or individual authorized to make an individual’s health care decisions, should the individual be unable to make them for himself or herself, is the….?
- Advance healthcare directive
- Living will
- Healthcare proxy
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3
In which stage of infection do the infective microbes begin to multiply?
A) latent period
B) incubation period
C) disease phase
D) convalescent phase
B) Incubation period
A partially obstructed airway is clinically manifested in the following ways
- Dysphasia
- Noisy, labored breathing
- Nailbed and lip cyanosis
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3
C) 2 and 3 only
All the following statements regarding hand hygiene and skin care are correct, except….?
A) hands should be cleansed before and after each patient exam
B) faucets should be opened and closed with paper towels
C) hands should be smooth and free from shaking
D) any cracks or abrasions should be left
D) any cracks or abrasions should be left uncovered to facilitate healing
All of the following are correct concepts of good body mechanics during patient lifting/moving, except…?
A) The xray tech should stand with feet approximately 12 inches apart and with one foot slightly forward
B) the body’s center of gravity should be positioned over its base of support
C) the back should be kept straight, avoid twisting
D) when carrying a heavy object, hold it away from the body
D) when carrying a heavy object, hold it away from the body
When a patient arrives in the radiology department with a urinary catheter bag, it’s important to..?
A) place the drainage bag above the level of the bladder
B) place the drainage bag at the same level as the bladder
C) place the drainage bag below the level of the bladder
D) clamp the Foley catheter
C) place be drainage bag below the level of the bladder
When a patient having one strong side and one weak side is being assisted onto an X-ray table, the radiographer should …?
A) start with the weaker side closer to the table
B) start with the stronger side closer to the table
C) always use a two person lift
D) lift the patient carefully onto the table
B) start with the stronger side closer to the table
