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Computed Tomography Review > Patient Care > Flashcards

Patient Care Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal platelet count range for an adult?

A

140k - 440k microliter of blood

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2
Q

what is a range of acceptable systolic blood pressure?

A

95-140 mm Hg

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3
Q

What is the normal range for BUN?

A

5-20 mg/ deciliter

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4
Q

What are the normal stages of the cardiac cycle in which atria and ventricles contract?

A

Atrial and Ventricles systole

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5
Q

What lab factor can be used to approximate creatinine clearance?

A

GFR

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6
Q

What wave in the ECG signify the diastole of the heart muscles?

A

T wave

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7
Q

what are the normal range of GFR for women and men?

A

60 +/- 10 mL/min/m squared for women
70 +/- mL/min/m squared for men

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8
Q

what is the normal range for INR?

A

.8 to 1.2

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9
Q

If the pt is taking metformin, what are some patient preps?

A

they should stop 2 days prior to scan with contrast and refer to the physician prior to resuming metformin

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10
Q

what are examples of parenteral routes of contrast administration?

A

IM, Subcu, intraderm, Intrathecal, and IV

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11
Q

What term is used to describe condition of hypotension often leading to cerebral ischemia?

A

Vasovagal

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12
Q

Between ionic and non ionic contrast media, which has lower osmalality?

A

Nonionic has lower osmolality

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13
Q

what medical is used when pt has severe vagal reaction to iodinated contrast material that includes BRADYCARDIA?

A

Atropine to help increase blood pressure

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14
Q

high osmolar contrast material has an average osmolality of…

A

1000 to 2400 mOsm/kg water

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15
Q

What are the signs of vagal reaction to contrast ?

A

Bradycardic and hypotension

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16
Q

maximum dose of iodinated contrast agent should not exceed…

A

3mg/kg of body weight

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17
Q

what percent of all pt suffer from severe reactions to intravenous contrast?

A

less than 1%

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18
Q

what percentage of barium sulfate can be used in CT?

A

1-3%

19
Q

pump and dumping of breast milk post contrast injection should be done for how long?

A

12-24 hr

20
Q

what is the half life of contrast in blood plasma ?

A

2 hrs

21
Q

what are the types of isolations?

A

drainage-secretion, enteric, acid-fast bacillus, respiratory, contact, and strict

22
Q

what are the stages of infection?

A

incubation, prodormal, active, convalescence

23
Q

Oral contrast for CT for just Abdomen requires how much time for 300 mL and 150 mL?

A

300 mL requires 30 minutes
150 mL requires IMMEDIATE scan

24
Q

For CT exam of entire abdomen and pelvis, opacification of the stomach, small bowel, and proximal large bowel is typically required….
for 450mL, 300mL, 150mL

A

450 mL 60-90 minutes before scan
300 mL 30 minutes before scan
150 mL immediate

25
Q

For studies including distal large bowel, an oral contrast will need to be administered ….

A

4 to 6 hours before examination

26
Q

how much rectal contrast is required to opacify the rectum, sigmoid, and distal large bowel?

A

150-300 mL of contrast

27
Q

when is intrathecal injection usually performed?

A

myelography

28
Q

what is the difference between aseptic technique and sterile technique?

A

Aseptic technique is used to reduce risk of infection and Sterile technique is usually used to maintain environment that is free of microorganisms during invasive procedures

29
Q

what flow rate is recommended for hand/wrist contrast injection?

A

1.5mL/sec

30
Q

What is the major disadvantage of the CT power injector?

A

Extravasation

31
Q

Between LOCM and HOCM, which is likely to produce a contrast reaction?

A

HOCM

32
Q

What is the maximum dose for contrast media in children?

A

3mg/kg body weight

33
Q

Is gram-negative an isolation?

A

no

34
Q

Adverse reaction to contrast that similar to other allergic reactions to food or medicine can be describe as…

A

allergic like response

35
Q

Adverse reaction that include cardiac arrhythmias, seizure, and pulmonary edema, likely related to the general toxicity of contrast agent can be described as

A

physiologic response

36
Q

Mild urticaria, mild cutaneous edema, Nasal Stuffiness/sneezing, scratchy/itchy throat describes an allergic like reaction at what level?

A

Mild

37
Q

Nausea/Vomiting, pronounced sensation of warmth and/or flushing,Sweats/chills, Anxiety, Altered taste, mild hypertension, transient vasovagal reaction describe physiologic response at what level?

A

mild

38
Q

Moderate to severe urticaria, diffuse erythema, facial edema, tightening throat, hoarse voice, and wheezing are description of allergic reaction at what level?

A

moderate

39
Q

Moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, vasovagal response requiring treatment, tachycardia from hypotension, chest pain are description of physiologic response at what level?

A

moderate

40
Q

what are the Tx for moderate adverse reactions to iodinated contrast?

A

Bronchodilator, Diphenhydramine, and IV fluids for hypotensive patients

41
Q

Facial, laryngeal, pulmonary edema, anaphylactic shock, severe erythema, profound hypotension, severe wheezing and bronchospasm are description of what level of Allergic like reaction?

A

Severe

42
Q

Cardiac arrhythmia, seizure, severe hypertension, cardiopulmonary arrest, and death are description of what level of Physiologic reaction?

A

Severe

43
Q

What are some delayed reaction to contrast media?

A

Urticaria, Pruritus, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, headache, fever/chills

44
Q

What are some risk factors of CIN?

A

Diabetes, Myeloma, advanced age, and CVD

Computed Tomography Review (4 decks)

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