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Pediatric Dentistry > Patient Assessment > Flashcards

Patient Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

patient assessment: aims & objectives

A
  1. Introduction to pediatric dentistry
  2. Risk assessment and oral exam
  3. Prevention of dental diseases
  4. Treatment of dental diseases
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2
Q

history taking: order

A
  1. chief complaint
  2. dental history
  3. medical history
  4. current medical treatment
  5. pregnancy history
  6. growth and development
  7. family and social history
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3
Q

establishes the reason for the patient’s visit

A

chief complaint

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4
Q

OLD CHARTS

A
  • onset
  • location
  • duration
  • characteristics of pain
  • aggravating/alleviating factors
  • radiation
  • time
  • severity
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5
Q

reason for knowing the characteristics of pain

A
  • know level of pain
  • proper diagnosis and treatment options
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6
Q

included in dental history

A
  • previous dental treatment
  • attitude of child/patient towards the treatment
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7
Q

included in other dental history

A
  • oral habits
  • oral hygiene
  • dietary
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8
Q

included in oral habits

A
  • type
  • duration
  • frequency and intensity
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9
Q

included in oral hygiene

A
  • frequency and method of brushing
  • type of brushing and frequency of replacement
  • use of fluoridated/non-fluoridated toothpaste
  • assessment of plaque index
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10
Q

included in dietary

A

diet chart

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11
Q

diet chart indicates the following:

A
  • cariogenicity of diet
  • frequency
  • nutritional deficiency
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12
Q

included in medical history

A
  • review of systems
  • current medical history
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13
Q

included in current medical history

A
  • medications
  • current treatment
  • immunization
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14
Q

types of immunization

A
  • MMR
  • BCG
  • DPT
  • Polio
  • Hepa B
  • Dengvaxia
  • COVID-19
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15
Q

included in pregnancy history

A
  • length of confinement
  • birth weight
  • APGAR scores
  • antenatal, perinatal problems esp. during delivery
  • prematurity and treatment in special/neonatal intensive care nursery
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16
Q

included in growth and development

A
  • developmental milestones
  • speech and language development
  • motor skills
  • socialization
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17
Q

included in family and social history

A
  • family history of serious illness
  • family pedigree tree
  • school performance in class
  • speech and language problems
  • pets/hobbies or other interests
  • parent’s occupation
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18
Q

reason for knowing patient’s hobbies or interests

A
  • build trust and rapport with patient
  • get to know patient, socialize, and keep them focused
19
Q

reason for knowing parent’s occupation

A

financial capacity of parents

20
Q

included in clinical examination

A
  • extraoral exam
  • intraoral exam
  • special exam
21
Q

general appraisal of the child’s wellbeing

A

extraoral exam

22
Q

assessed during extraoral examination

A
  • facial symmetry and profile
  • eyes
  • skin color and appearance
  • TMJ
  • lymph nodes

*swelling, clubbing

23
Q

assessed during intraoral examination

A
  • soft tissues (+ oropharynx, tonsils, uvula)
  • oral hygiene and periodontal status
  • dental hard tissues
  • occlusion and orthodontic relations
  • quantity and quality of saliva
24
Q

thorough; details the current state of the dentition and plan of future treatment

A

charting

25
Q

special examinations

A
  • radiography
  • pulp testing
  • blood investigation
  • microbial investigation
  • anatomical pathology
  • caries activity test
  • photography
  • caries risk assessment
  • diagnostic casts
26
Q

most common radiograph used in pediatric dentistry

A

bitewing

27
Q

other imaging exams

A
  • computerized axial tomography scan
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • nuclear medicine
  • ultrasonography
  • CBCT
28
Q

pulp testing

A
  • electric stimulation
  • thermal
  • percussion
  • mobility
  • transillumination
29
Q

blood investigation

A
  • chemical chemistry
  • complete blood count w/ differential white cell count
30
Q

microbial investigation

A
  • culture of MOs
  • antibiotic sensitivity
  • serology
  • direct and indirect immunofluorescence
31
Q

anatomical pathology tests

A
  • histologic exam and biopsy specimen
  • hard tissue sectioning
32
Q

caries activity test

A
  • diet history
  • salivary flow rate
  • salivary buffering capacity
  • S. mutans and lactobacillus colony count
33
Q

provides invaluable record of growing children

A

photography

34
Q

important as legal document in cases of abuse and trauma or as an aid in the diagnosis of anomalies or syndromes

A

photography

35
Q

essential in orthodontic or complex restorative treatment planning and for general record keeping

A

diagnostic casts

36
Q

initiated only after the complete and comprehensive diagnosis is obtained

A

treatment planning

37
Q

developed in an organized and efficient sequence to provide care

A

treatment planning

38
Q

most critical step in the successful future management of the child and parent

A

treatment planning

39
Q

philosophy of treatment planning

A
  1. Gain the trust and cooperation of the child
  2. Make an accurate diagnosis and devise a treatment plan appropriate to the child’s need
  3. Comprehensive preventive care(fluoride therapy,
    sealants, oral hygiene instruction)
  4. Deliver care in a manner the child finds acceptable
  5. Use materials and techniques which provide effective and long lasting results
40
Q

advantages of treatment planning

A
  1. Commits operator in advance to a certain sequence of care.
  2. Provides estimated time required to complete the treatment.
  3. Fee payments can be arranged.
41
Q

occurs when there is no treatment plan

A
  • disorganized and inefficient
  • dissatisfaction and confusion
42
Q

treatment priorities

A
  1. Emergency procedures
  2. Plaque control program
  3. Restorative therapy
  4. Ortho and Prostho
  5. Patient Recall
43
Q

accurately inform the parents of the following:

A
  1. Dental needs of the child
  2. Restorative procedures required
  3. Amount of time required to perform the projected
    procedures
  4. Total cost of rendering the services
  5. Preventive measures
44
Q

problems should be discussed in the following manner:

A
  1. Point out the problem using casts, radiograph or the
    patient’s mouth
  2. State probable cause of the problem
  3. State the outcome of the problem
  4. Show how the problem will be resolved
  5. Stress the benefit the patient will receive from the
    treatment

Pediatric Dentistry (10 decks)

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